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Ch. 1 Key Terms OS

TermDefinition
smallest and most fundamental unit of matter that retains the properties of an element atom
the study of life biology
collection of all the ecosystems on Earth biosphere
study of plants botany
smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things cell
all the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that environment ecosystem
organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles eukaryote
the process of gradual change in a population or species over time evolution
ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions homeostasis
suggested explanation for an observation, which one can test hypothesis
field of science, such as biology, that studies living things life science
large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules macromolecule
section of a scientific paper that includes a complete description of the substances, methods, and techniques that the researchers used to gather data materials and methods
study of the structure and function of microorganisms microbiology
study of biological processes and their regulation at the molecular level, including interactions among molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins molecular biology
chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical bonds molecule
collection of related tissues grouped together performing a common function organ
level of organization that consists of functionally related interacting organs organ system
small structures that exist within cells and carry out cellular functions organelle
individual living entity organism
scientific paper that a scientist’s colleagues review who are experts in the field of study peer-reviewed manuscript
diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both; in essence, a hypothesis concerning evolutionary connections phylogenetic tree
all of the individuals of a species living within a specific area population
single-celled organism that lacks organelles and does not have nuclei surrounded by a nuclear membrane prokaryote
tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena theory
group of similar cells carrying out related functions tissue
part of an experiment that the experimenter can vary or change variable
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