Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BJU Biology - Ch 13
BJU Biology 4th Edition - Chapter 13
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| abscission layer | A layer of cells, located at the base of leaf petioles and fruits, that die, causing the separation of the leaf or fruit from the stem. |
| alternation of generations | The reproductive cycle in which the asexual reproductive stages give rise to sexual reproductive stages that, in turn, give rise to asexual reproductive stages. |
| angiosperm | A flowering, seed-producing plant; seeds enclosed in an ovary when mature. |
| annual | A plant that grows from a seed, produces more seeds, and dies during one growing season or within one year. |
| annual ring | In woody stems, one layer of xylem that forms during one year. |
| antheridium | The reproductive cycle in which the asexual reproductive stages give rise to sexual reproductive stages that, in turn, give rise to asexual reproductive stages. |
| apical dominance | A condition in plants in which the terminal bud suppresses the growth of lateral buds. |
| apical meristem | A region of active cell division in the tip of a woody stem; cells may differentiate into tissues for leaves, stems or flowers. |
| archegonium | Female reproductive structure in algae, fungi, and some plants. |
| bark | The outer protective covering of a mature woody stem; composed of all the tissues outside the vascular cambium. |
| biennial | A plant that sprouts and grows in one season but does not flower and produce seeds until the following growing season. |
| blade | The large, flattened area on most leaves. |
| botany | The study of plants. |
| collenchyma | A ground tissue that provides strengthening in plants, especially in growing regions. |
| companion cell | A cell paired with a sieve tube cell to provide metabolic functions for the sieve tube cell. |
| cork | The waterproof, protective layer on the outside of a stem or root that forms from dead epidermal cells. |
| cork cambium | A layer of cells under the epidermis that produces cork cells for protecting the stem of woody plants. |
| cortex | The region of thin-walled parenchyma cells that stores food just inside the epidermis of a root or stem. |
| cotyledon | An area of stored food in a seed. |
| cuticle | The protective, waxy covering found on the outer surface of the epidermis of plants; a dead layer of skin. |
| dermal tissue | Any of the tissues that form the outer covering of a plant or other organism. |
| dicot | A plant in the class Dicotyledoneae. |
| elongation region | The area of a plant where cells extend in length. |
| endodermis | The single-cell layer inside the cortex of a young root or stem; regulates the passage of substances into the vascular tissues. |
| epidermis | In plants, the outer layer of cells that usually lack chlorophyll and serve for protection. |
| epiphyte | A plant that grows on another plant or nonliving structure but is not parasitic. |
| fern | A vascular plant of the phylum Pteridophyta; sporophyte generation is dominant. |
| fibrous root system | The branching root system of vascular plants that lack a taproot. |
| fibrovascular bundle | In herbaceous plants, a bundle composed of vascular tissues surrounded by fibrous tissue. |
| frond | A leaf of a fern or a palm; a thallus that resembles a leaf. |
| fruit | A ripened plant ovary with or without seeds. |
| gametophyte | The stage that produces gametes in the life cycle of a plant. |
| ground tissue | The tissue in leaves, young roots, and stems that is not epidermal or vascular in function. |
| guard cell | One of the cells surrounding a stoma that controls the opening and closing of the stoma. |
| gymnosperm | A nonflowering, seed-producing plant; seeds are not contained in an ovary when mature. |
| leafy shoot | A stem-and-leaf-like arrangement of mosses that lacks water-conducting tissues. |
| maturation region | The area of a young root or stem in which the primary tissues are developed; area of cell differentiation. |
| meristematic region | An area in a plant containing young, rapidly dividing cells. |
| meristematic tissue | A plant tissue that is able to reproduce and become other plant tissues. |
| monocot | A member of the class Monocotyledoneae; any flowering plant whose embryo has only one cotyledon. |
| netted venation | Vein arrangement in a leaf where the veins form a branching network throughout the leaf. |
| node | The place where a leaf, root, or flower attaches to the stem. |
| palisade mesophyll | The primary photosynthetic tissue in plant leaves that has the cells lined up side by side. |
| parallel venation | Vein arrangement in a leaf where the veins originate from the stem and remain nearly parallel to the tip. |
| parenchyma | The tissue in plants that composes the pith, cortex, spongy tissue of leaves, and major parts of fruits. |
| perennial | A plant that lives for many years. |
| pericycle | A layer of meristematic tissue in a root. |
| petiole | The stalk connecting the blade of a leaf to the stem. |
| phloem | A vascular tissue that usually carries water and dissolved foods downward in plants. |
| pith | The central area of a woody stem, composed mainly of parenchyma cells. |
| pollen cone | A structure on a conifer that produces pollen. |
| primary growth | The increase in length of a root or stem. |
| rhizoid | A rootlike structure that lacks water-conducting tissue. |
| rhizome | A thick, fleshy, horizontal underground stem that produces leaves or leaf-bearing branches. |
| root | The organ of a vascular plant that absorbs water and minerals necessary for growth; often serves to anchor the plant. |
| root cap | A layer of thick-walled cells that cover and protect the delicate root tip. |
| root hair | An outgrowth of epidermal cells of the root. |
| sclerenchyma | A rigid type of ground tissue that provides support for nongrowing areas of a plant. |
| secondary growth | The increase in diameter of stems and roots. |
| seed | A mature plant ovule that consists of an embryo and stored food enclosed by a coat. |
| seed cone | The structure on conifers that produces the seeds. |
| sieve tube cell | One of the hollow cells that forms the vessels of phloem for conduction through plants. |
| sorus | A group of sporangia attached to the underside of fern fronds. |
| spongy mesophyll | The photosynthetic tissue in leaves that is formed of irregularly shaped cells and many air spaces. |
| sporangium | A structure in which spores are produced. |
| sporophyte | The stage that produces spores in the life cycle of a plant. |
| stolon | In plants, a slender, branched, underground stem that produces new shoots. |
| stoma | An opening between the guard cells of a leaf that permits exchanges of gases. |
| taproot system | The plant root system in which the primary root continues to grow as the main root. |
| tracheid | A long, slender cell that forms one of the elements of xylem. |
| tuber | A storage stem which produces roots and often has "eyes" (buds) to produce arial stems. |
| vascular cambium | A layer of meristematic tissue between the xylem and phloem; produces secondary xylem and phloem. |
| vascular cylinder | The central are of the young root or stem; contains xylem and phloem. |
| vascular ray | Tissue that extends from the central pith region to the outer areas of the stem and that permits the horizontal movement of water and dissolved substances. |
| vascular tissue | The group of tissues (xylem and phloem) that conduct water and dissolved materials in a plant. |
| vessel cell | A cell type that forms the water-conducting tubes of the xylem. |
| wood | The secondary xylem tissues in a stem or root. |
| xylem | A vascular tissue that carries water and dissolved minerals upward in a plant. |
Created by:
marchscience
Popular Biology sets