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Cell Transport
How molecules move in cells
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| semipermeable | a property of a cell that allows some materials to cross and not others |
| Diffusion | Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of to low concentration |
| Osmosis | Diffusion of water across a cell membrane |
| Dynamic Equilibrium | Molecules are evenly spread throughout a space; Result of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particles, but no overall change in concentration. |
| Cell Membrane | Controls what comes in and out of the cell. |
| Facilitated Diffusion | When carrier proteins moves molecules across the membrane. Does not require energy. Example - glucose and amino acids |
| Phospholipid | Molecules that make up the cell membrane. It has a "head" and two "tails". |
| Carrier Protein | Proteins that are in the cell membrane that help move substances in and out of the cell. |
| Passive Transport | When molecules move with the concentration from high to low concentration, with no energy required. |
| Types of Passive Transport | -Diffusion -Osmosis -Facilitated Diffusion |
| Types of Active Transport | - Endocytosis - Exocytosis |
| Concentration Gradient | a place where the density of a chemical substance, increases or decreases. |
| Active transport | the movement of molecules from lower to higher concentration while using energy |
| Exocytosis | (release/secretion of molecules). |
| Endocytosis | (the intake/uptake of molecules). |
| Hydrophilic | The HEAD of a phospholipid molecule. They love water! |
| Hydrophobic | The TAIL of a phospholipid molecule. They hate water! |
| Hypertonic Solution | More solute in the solution outside the cell, so the lose will lose water and shrivel |
| Hypotonic Solution | More solute in the cell than the surrounding solution, so water will rush in and make the cell swell |
| Isotonic Solution | Equal amount of water and solute in and out of the cell, so water will continue to flow in and out of the cell |
| Solute . | A substance that dissolves in a solution. (like salt) |
| Solvent | In a solution, the substances in which the solute dissolves. (like water). |
| Phagocytosis | a type of endocytosis, where SOLID particles are brought into the cell. |
| Pinocytosis | a type of endocytosis, where LIQUID particles are brought into the cell. |
| Active Transport The movement of a substance across a cell membrane using energy. Low to high concentration. |