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Unit 3 QUEST

DNA, DNA replication, and Cell cycle

TermDefinition
Chromosome Coiled up DNA and proteins that consists of 2 sister chromatids during replication
G1 Phase in the cell cycle where the cell prepares for synthesis, the cell also starts to grow. Organelles and proteins are made
S phase A phase in the cell cycle where DNA is replicated, also known as the synthesis phase
G2 Phase in the cell cycle where the cell grows twice its size and prepares for mitosis. More organelles & proteins are made
G0 Resting phase in the cell cycle, cell functions normally and is not yet ready to divide
Prophase First stage of mitosis where DNA condenses into chromosomes and the nuclear membrane starts to break
Metaphase Second stage of mitosis where chromosomes line up in the middle and spindle fibers attach to centromeres
Telophase Third phase of mitosis where the nuclear membrane starts to form and where chromosomes go to opposite poles
Cytokinesis A process where cytoplasm is divided and 2 new identical daughter cells are produced
DNA Replication Occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle, DNA must be copied before a cell can divide
DNA base pairing where a specific DNA pairs with another such as Purines and Pyrimidines
Helicase Enzymes that breaks weak hydrogen bonds during DNA replication. Remember "Helicopter"
DNA Polymerase A process in DNA replication where nucleotides are being added to DNA strands
Ligase Enzymes that joins together two fragments of DNA during replication
Leading strand A DNA strand that is replicated in the same direction as the replication fork
Lagging strand A DNA strand that is replicated in the opposite direction as the replication fork
Photosynthesis Equation 6CO2 + 6H2O+Sunlight → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Cellular Respiration equation C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H20 + energy (ATP)
DNA Nitrogen bases Adenine (A), Guanine(G),Cytosine(C),and Thymine(T)
Created by: lunaislas
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