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Evolution Intro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| change in heritable traits over time | evolution |
| small scale evolution | microevolution |
| large scale evolution | macroevolution |
| he came up with the theory of natural selection | Charles Darwin |
| states that some individuals will have better survival and reproductive success due to environmental conditions | natural selection |
| the creation of a new species | speciation |
| being able to reproduce and have fertile offspring | species |
| having more offspring than the environment can support | overproduction |
| things that organisms compete for (food, water, shelter) | limited resources |
| this is what natural selection acts on | heritable phenotypes |
| differences in physical traits within a population | variation |
| a trait that allows an organism to better survive in its environment | adaptation |
| selection where females of species do the choosing | sexual selection |
| selection where 1 of the extreme phenotypes is selected for | directional selection |
| selection where humans do the choosing for other species | artificial selection |
| selection where both extreme phenotypes are selected for | disruptive selection |
| evolution from common ancestor to become different | divergent evolution |
| evolution from different ancestors to become similar | convergent evolution |
| evolution by two species due to a close relationship between them (one evolves and the other does to) | coevolution |
| another name for divergent evolution (many new species) | adaptive radiation |
| A branching diagram that represents a hypothesis about the evolutionary history of a group of organisms | phylogenetic tree |
| structures that are similar but have different functions (is evidence of common ancestor) | homologous structures |
| structures with the same function but different structures (is NOT evidence of common ancestor) | analogous structures |
| structures that no longer have a function in modern day organisms (is evidence of common ancestor) | vestigial structures |
| separated by time | temporal isolation |
| separated by actions | behavioral isolation |
| separated by physical barrier | geographical isolation |
| separated by offspring being sterile | reproductive isolation |
| fossils used to estimate the age of other fossils | index fossils |
| Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya [broadest taxon] | Domain (3) |
| 2-part scientific naming system | binomial nomenclature |
| theory that evolution is slow, but steady | gradualism |
| the most specific taxons ; form scientific name | genus --> species |
Created by:
cadetjt
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