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Biology Chapter 8

Photosynthesis

QuestionAnswer
What are the two main classes in photosynthesis? Light dependent and light independent reactions (aka Calvin Cycle).
Where does the process of photosynthesis occur? In the mesophyll, a middle layer in plant leaves.
What is the function of the stoma? They open and close (like pores) to regulate gas exchange of CO2 and O2.
What organelle is responsible for photosynthesis? The chloroplast.
Name structures of the chloroplast. Inner and outer membranes, intermembrane space, thylakoid, stroma (aqueous fluid around thylakoid), and granum (stacks of thylakoids).
What is in the thylakoid membranes? A pigment called chlorophyll responsible for the initial interaction between light and plant materials.
Write the equation for photosynthesis. 6C02+6H2O+sunlight-->C6H1205 (glucose)+602
Describe the light dependent reactions. These occur in the thylakoid membrane and use light energy to make ATP and NADPH.
Describe the light INdependent reactions. These occur in the stroma and use energy derived from light dependent reactions (ATP and NADPH) to make G3P and CO2.
What is the definition of a light wavelength? The distance between consecutive crest points of a wave of light.
What is the electromagnetic spectrum? The range of all possible frequencies of radiation.
What differentiates a higher energy wave length from a lower energy wave length? A short or long wavelength of light. If a certain light has a very short wavelength, it has higher energy. But if it has a long wave length, it has lower energy. Think of ROY G. BIV where red (R) has the least energy and violet (V) has the highest.
Name types of pigments. Chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, and xanthophylls.
What makes a substance appear colored? The color we see is the color of light that the pigment does not absorb. Plants appear green because chlorophyll reflects the green light wavelengths.
Name the photosystems in the light-dependent reactions. Photosystem 2 (P680) and photosystem 1 (P700).
What does PS2 do? It splits water molecules and extracts their electrons to pass to photosystem 1.
What does PS1 do? This reduces NADP+ to NADPH.
Describe the effects of this reaction. The splitting of water adds protons to the lumen and the reduction of NADPH removes protons from the stroma. This results in a low pH inside the thylakoid and a high pH in the stroma.
Name the other substances in the photosynthetic electron transport chain. Cytochrome complex (enzyme), plastoquinone (Pq, carrier molecule), and plastocyanin (Pc, protein)
Created by: tali_Alley
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