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EMT Test 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nitrolglycerin is given for ______ _______ and it dialates _______ | chest pain, arteries |
| Side effects of Nitro include... | decreased BP and headaches |
| Epinephrine is the antidote for... | histamine |
| Epi works by... | dialating lung passages and constricting blood vessels |
| Normal doses of epi are... | 0.3 mg for adults and 0.15 mg for peds |
| Before and after meds, it is necessary to... | take vitals |
| Asthma | acute spasm of bronchioles that causes wheezing and decreased breath sounds |
| Asthma can be treated with... | epi, antihistamine, high flow oxygen, inhaler, or nebulizer |
| Pulmonary Edema | fluid buildup in alveoli & lung tissues |
| Pulmonary Edema can be caused by... | inhaling large amounts of smoke, trauma to the chest, or toxic chemicals inhaled |
| Emphysema | alveoli lose elasticity, stretch, and become destroyed |
| Pneumothorax | accumulation of air in pleural space |
| With a pneumothorax, the lung collapses due to... | negative vaccuum pressure lost in pleural space |
| COPD causes patients to... | chronically produce sputum, have chronic cough, and difficulty moving air |
| The primary cause of COPD is... | smoking |
| ischemia | deficiency of blood supply due to obstruction of circulation |
| Athersclerosis | buildup of fatty deposits on inner artery walls |
| Arteriosclerosis | artery walls lose elasticity due to Ca buildup |
| Coronary Artery Disease | narrowing of coronary arteries |
| Angina Pectoris | reduction of blood flow to the heart during stress and exertion |
| Angina symptoms decrease within... | 3-5 mins. |
| AMI | severe and sudden decrease in oxygenated blood to heart by occlusion of coronary arteries that kills heart muscle |
| It is impossible to tell the difference between... | angina and AMI |
| CHF | inadequate pumping ability due to diseased valves |
| S/S of CHF include... | COPD, edema, dyspnea, discomfort, acessory muscle use, weakness, tripoding |
| The rhytyms requiring shock are... | V-Fib and V-Tach |
| The three layers of the heart are (from outter to inner)... | epicardium, myocardium, endocardium |
| The largest layer of the heart is the.. | myocardium |
| HTN has a systolic BP greater than _____ and a diastolic greater than ____ | 180, 104 |
| Hypotension has a systolic BP less than ______ and a diastolic less than ______ | 90, 60 |
| Diabetic Ketoacidosis | the body uses fat for fuel, in the absence of glucose, creating ketones |
| The BG level of a person in insulin shock is lower than... | 80 |
| Altered Mental Status can be caused by... | Alcohol, Epilepsy, Insulin, Overdose, Uremia, Trauma, Infection, Psych/Poison, Stroke |
| Allergen Category 1 | insect bites and stings |
| Allergen Category 2 | plants |
| Allergen Cateogry 3 | medications |
| Allergen Category 4 | food |
| Allergen Category 5 | chemicals |
| Dont use activated Charcoal for... | acid, alkali, or petrolium overdose |
| The doses of activated charcoal are.. | 25-50 g in adults and 12.5-25 g in peds |
| Alcohol withdrawls show symptoms of... | delerium tremors |
| Sympathomimetics | stimulants such as cocaine and meth |
| The side effects of sympathomimetics are... | HTN, tachycardia, dialated pupils, seizures, agitation |
| Hallucinogens | drugs that alter sense of perception such as LSD and PCP |
| Symptoms of hallucinogen use are... | HTN, tachycardia, anxiousness, paranoia |
| Anticholinergics | block parasympathetic nerves |
| S/S of anticholinergics include... | loss of siliva, emtremely dialated pupils, extreme red skin |
| Cholinergics | nerve agents for warfare such as shrooms that overstimulate nerves |
| S/S of cholinergics include... | urination, defication, pupil constriction, vomiting |
| Conduction | transfer of body heat to colder object |
| Convection | transfer of heat through air movement |
| Evaporation | cooling of body by sweating |
| Radiation | loss of body heat to cooler still environment |
| The temperature gradient for hypothermia is... | less than 95 degrees F or 35 degreees C |
| Check core temperature on... | abdomen |
| Heat Exposure | exposure to high heat and humidity decreases effectiveness of cooling mechanisms |
| The difference betweeb heat exhaustion and heat stroke symptoms are... | changes in behavior occur in heat stroke |
| Peritonitis | infected and enflammed peritonium |
| Ulcers | bacteria thins wall in duodenum or stomach and acid eats through |
| Melana | tarry stools |
| Mallory Weis Syndrome/Esophageal Verasis... | tear in esophagus and stomach that leads to bright red blood vomiting |
| Scerosis | enlarged liver |
| Diverticulitis | inflammation of pouches in large intestine |
| Ileus | bowel obstruction |
| Hernia | protrusion through hole in body wall |
| Placenta Abruptio | premature separation of placenta |
| Placenta Previa | placenta blocks cervix |
| Gravita | number if pregnancies previously |
| Pera | number of living children currently |
| APGAR | appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respirations |
Created by:
nms04553
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