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science chapter 8
Term | Definition |
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- suspension | a mixture in which particles of a material are more or less evenly dispersed throughout a liquid or gas |
- colloid | a mixture consisting of tiny particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and those in suspensions and that are suspended in a liquid, solid, or gas |
- emulsion | any mixture of two or more immiscible liquids in which one liquid is dispersed in the other |
- solution | a homogeneous mixture throughout which two or more substances are uniformly dispersed |
- solute | in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent |
- solvent | in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves |
- alloy | a solid or liquid mixture of two or more metals |
- polar | describes a molecule in which the positive and negative charges are separated |
- hydrogen bond | the intermolecular force occurring when a hydrogen atom that is bonded to a highly electronegative atom of one molecule is attracted to two unshared electrons of another molecule |
- non-polar | describes a molecule in which centers of positive and negative charge are not separated |
- solubility | the ability of one substance to dissolve in another at a given temperature and pressure; expressed in terms of the amount of solute that will dissolve in a given amount of solvent to produce a saturated solution |
- concentration | the amount of a particular substance in a given quantity of a mixture, solution, or ore |
- saturated solution | a solution that cannot dissolve any more solute under the given conditions |
- unsaturated solution | a solution that contains less solute than a saturated solution does and that is able to dissolve additional solute |
- supersaturated solution | a solution that holds more dissolved solute than is required to reach equilibrium at a given temperature |
- molarity | a concentration unit of a solution expressed as moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution |