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PHS Ch 5 cont,

Body Planes, Directions, Cavities

TermDefinition
anterior a directional term that refers to the front side of the body.
posterior a directional term that refers to the back side of the body.
superior a directional term that means above or higher up on the body.
inferior a directional term that means lower down on the body.
medial a directional term that refers to a point closer to the center of the body.
lateral a directional term that refers to a point toward the side of the body.
proximal a directional term that indicates that the part being discussed is closer to the point of attachment to the body; can also be used to describe internal organs.
distal a directional term that refers to a part that is farther away from the attachment site on the body; can also be used to describe internal organs.
superficial a directional term that refers to the outside surface of the body.
sagittal plane the body plane that divides the body, organ, or appendage into right and left sections.
frontal plane the body plane that divides the body (or organ) into its front and back sections; also called the coronal plane.
transverse plane the body plane that divides the body into top and bottom sections.
dorsal cavity the cavity in the back of the body that is protected by the bones of the skull and vertebrae
ventral cavity the cavity in the front of the body that is surrounded by the ribs and pelvic bones.
cranial cavity the part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain.
spinal cavity the part of the dorsal cavity that contains the spinal cord.
thoracic cavity the part of the ventral cavity that lies above the diaphragm muscle; includes the pericardial cavity and two pleural cavities.
abdominopelvic cavity the part of the ventral cavity that lies below the diaphragm muscle; includes the abdominal cavity for the digestive organs and the pelvic cavity that houses the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum.
Middle ear cavity an air-filled chamber in the petrous part of the temporal bone.
orbital cavity the cavity or socket of the skull in which the eye
Nasal cavity a large, air-filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.
Oral cavity Refer to the mouth. It includes the lips, the lining inside the cheeks and lips, the front two thirds of the tongue, the upper and lower gums, the floor of the mouth under the tongue, the bony roof of the mouth, and the small area behind the wisdom teeth
Diaphragm dome-shaped, muscular and membranous structure that separates the thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities
abdominal cavity a large cavity found in the torso of mammals between the thoracic cavity, which it is separated from by the thoracic diaphragm, and the pelvic cavity . Largest hollow space of the body
pelvic cavity is the lower part of the torso. It's located between the abdomen and the legs.
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