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Prokaryotic Cell

Prokaryotic cell parts and functions: Bacterial cell

TermDefinition
Capsule It is an outer covering to protect the cell when engulfed by other organisms; helps the cell adhere to surfaces & nutrients; assists in retaining moisture; made up of polysaccharides.
Cell wall Protects the bacterial cell and gives it shape; layer composed of peptidoglycan (protein & carbohydrates).
Cell Membrane or Plasma Membrane Thin and delicate structure that surrounds the cell cytoplasm and regulates flow of substances in & out of the cell.
Flagellum (plural: Flagella) Long whip-like protrusions that aid in cellular locomotion.
Pilus (plural: Pili) hair-like structures on the surface of the cell that attach to other bacterial cell.
Cytoplasm Gel-like substance that contains enzymes, salts, cell components, & various organic molecules.
Nucleoid (DNA) Region in the cytoplasm that contains the bacterial DNA molecule.
Plasmid Gene carrying structures that are not involved in reproduction.
Ribosomes Cell structure that are free in the cytoplasm which functions for protein production.
Fimbriae Shorter pili that helps bacteria adhere to surfaces.
Plasmid Responsible for antibiotic resistance; also called as extra chromosomal DNA.
Created by: honeybunch
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