Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ethics Quiz
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Critical Reasoning | A subfield of information logic, It helps us clarify our own thinking/reasoning and analyze arguments others might use to persuade us. |
| Logical Argument | A form of reasoning comprising various claims or statements. |
| Structure of an Argument | 3 Premises and 1 Conclusion, called standard form |
| Sound arguments | 1. Is a Valid Argument 2. The Valid arguments premises must also be true in the actual world |
| Valid Arguments | Sound and Unsound arguments (Sound arguments have all true premises) (Unsound arguments have at least one false premise) |
| Inductive Invalid Argument | Conclusion would be likely be true when the premises of the argument are assumed to be false |
| Fallacious Argument | Conclusion would have to be established based on groups other than those given in the premises |
| Invalid Argument Structure | Either Inductive or Fallacious (Inductive - Conclusion likely follows from assuming the truth of the premises) (Fallacious - Conclusion does not likely follow from assuming the truth of the premises) |
| Fallacy | Faulty reasoning, appears in everyday discourse/conversation, called informal |
| Ad Hominem Fallacy | Ad Hominem: attack the person rather than the stance of the person's argument |
| Slippery Slope Fallacy | Slippery Slope: x could possibly be abused, therefore we should not allow x |
| Fallacy of appeal to popular authority | Fallacy of Appeal to Popular Authority: x is an authority in field y, said z therefore, z is right |
| False cause Fallacy | False Cause Fallacy: Fact that event x preceded event y to be conclusion that event x is necessarily the cause of event y |
| Fallacy of Composition | Fallacy of Composition: confuses characteristics that apply to the parts of a whole, or individual members of a group with the characteristics of the whole group itself |
| Fallacy of Division | Fallacy of Division: mistakenly infers that the same attributes or characteristics that apply to the whole/group must also apply to every part of the whole/every member |
| Fallacy of Ambiguity | Fallacy of Ambiguity: Occurs whenever one or more terms in an argument are used amibiously/equivocally |
| Gotterbarn | Points out Software engineers and their team can: a: Do good or Cause Harm b: Enable others to do good or cause harm c: Influence others to do good or cause harm |
| Bowyer | Extends range of safety critical systems (comp) to include: -Design of bridges/buildings -Election of water disposal sites -Development of analytical models for medical treatment |
| Purpose of Professional Codes | Motivates members to behave in certain ways 1. Inspire 2. Guide 3. Educate 4. Discipline |
| Lodd(1995) | Ethical codes rest on confusions that are intellectual and moral 1. Ethics is an open worded, reflected and critical intellectual activity 2. Specific codes of ethics introduce confusions with respect to micro-ethics and macro-ethics |
| Gotterbarn's three aspects of Professional Codes | 1. Codes of ethics - aspirational, serve as mission statement 2. Codes of conduct - attitude and behavior 3. Codes of practice - operational activities |
| Strengths of Professional Codes | Inspire members to behave ethically, Guide members in ethical choices, Educate about professional obligations, Discipline when there's a violation, Sensitive to ethical issues, Inform public about nature/roles of the profession |
| Weaknesses of Professional Codes | Directives in codes too general/vague, Not always helpful when two or more directives conflict, Ineffective disciplinary matters, Sometimes Inconsistent, Doesn't help distinguish between micro ethics/macro ethics, Can be self serving for the profession |
| Professional Ethics | Concerned with moral issues that impact computer/IT professionals. |
| Harris Pritchard/Rabirs | Term profession has evolved now has a secular meaning Profession used to describe a vocation, a public promise to enter a distinct way of life Anyone qualified has to be skilled in: Vocation Occupation Honest Occupation Special Kind of Honest Occupation |
| Prima Facie | Employee should be loyal to employer / vice versa |
| Whistle-Blowing | Voluntary release of non public information as a moral protest by a former member of an organization outside channels of communication to appropriate audience about illegal a/o immoral conduct in the organization that is opposed in some way to the public |
| Boatrights definition | Three requirements regarding info revealed in whistle-blowing act 1. Non-public 2. Voluntarily disclosed by member or former member of an org 3. Presented to an appropriate audience - Info revealed must be illegal/immoral - Harmful to the public |
| Sislea Bok | Revelations meant to call attention to negligence, abuses or dangers that threaten the public interest |
| Luegebich | Calls upon open and anonymous whistle blowing |
| Degeorge | Articulates three contrasting concepts that affect whistle blowing 1. Internal vs External 2. Personal vs Impersonal 3. Gov vs Non-Gov |
| Ladd | Demands these individuals be 'moral heroes' but not to be viewed as heros or saints |
| Model of responsibility | I: Causality II: Intent x is held morally responsible for y |
| Liability | A legal concept, moral notion of blame may be left out |
| Nissenbaum | Responsibility is only part of what is covered by notion of accountability |
| Problems for assigning accountability | As something applies to individuals If x is responsible, y is not |
Created by:
swanold
Popular Law sets