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Inside the cell
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| chromosome | composed of DNA and proteins contains genes tightly coiled to fit inside cell located in nucleoid |
| Ribosomes(prokaryotic cell) | this is where proteins are made |
| Internal membrane complexes(prokaryotic cell) | site of photosynthesis develops from folds of plasma membrane |
| cytoplasm(prokaryotic cell) | all the contents of the inside of a cell |
| cytoskeleton(prokaryotic cell) | helps maintain cell shape composed of protein filaments essential for cell division |
| flagella(prokaryotic cell) | rotates to propel cell through water |
| fimbriae(prokaryotic cell) | attachment to surface, establishes infection |
| Nuclear envelope(eukaryotic cell) | it has double membrane it contains pore-like opening which allows the passage of materials |
| Nuclear lamina(nuclear cytsokeleton) | maintains cell shape |
| Nucleolus | ribosomal RNA synthesis |
| Rough ER | Protein synthesis it has ribosomes attached to it |
| Smooth ER | Lipid synthesis/breakdown it provides a hydrophobic environment for processing of lipids |
| Acid hydrolase | breaking down of polymers into monomers |
| Cristae | inner membrane fold and forms the cristae |
| Matrix | the solution inside |
| thylakoids | they are stacked into grana |
| stroma | the solution in between |
| Prokaryotes(bacteria and archaea) | don't contain membrane-bound nucleus organelles aren't membrane bounded single-celled( vey small in size) |
| Eukaryotes | contain membrane-bound nucleus organelles are membrane bounded can be single, multi-cellular,(larger in size) |
| The eukaryotic cell-ribosomes | protein synthesis |
| why is ribosome not an organelle? | because it doesn't have a membrane. |
| the eukaryotic cell- lysosomes | this is the recycling center. it contains enzymes that break down different macromolecules |
| How is this pH maintained? | There are proton pumps that will pump H+ ions into the lysosome to keep it at that low pH that would provide optimal environment for the enzymes to complete their job. |
| the eukaryotic cell- vacuoles | this is the storage center of plants and fungi |
| functions of vacuoles | water storage filled with defensive chemicals colorful pigments |
| the eukaryotic cell- peroxisomes | this is the center for oxidation/reduction reactions |
| what are some important enzymes in peroxisomes? | catalase: break down hydrogen peroxide(b/c its toxic) alcohol dehydrogenase- change ethanol to acetate |
| the eukaryotic cell- mitochondria(powerhouse of the cell) | supplies ATP to the cell double membrane it contains its own DNA and ribosomes |
| the eukaryotic cell- chloroplasts | this is the site of photosynthesis triple membrane contains own DNA and ribosomes |
| the eukaryotic cell- cytoskeleton | cell shape, structural stability, and movement of materials(organelles within the cell) |
| where are lysosomes found? | in animal cells |
| where are vacuoles found? | in plant cells( as water storage, defensive chemical and also colorful pigments) |
| where are chloroplasts found? | in plant cells. |
| what are found in animal cells but not in plant cells? | centrioles and lysosome |
| what are found in plant cells but not in animal cells? | cell wall, chloroplast, and vacoule |
Created by:
clara22
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