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History of Life Hons

QuestionAnswer
The Earth is _____ years old 4.6 billion
The first organisms found were... Bacteria
Primordial soup hypotheses Earth had little to no oxygen and life evolved from simple organic molecules, or monomers.
Iron-sulfur hypotheses Thermal vents provided what was needed to synthesis organic monomers.
ET origin hypothesis Organic molecules were found on meteors and seeded the origin for life.
Evolution of protocells Stage 1: organic monomers Stage 2: evolution of polymers Stage 3: evolution of protocells Stage 4: evolution of self-replication system
Law of superstition A stratum above is considered older than the one above it and younger than the one below it.
Paleontolgy Science of discovering and studying fossils
Relative dating You use index fossils and the stratum that the fossil is in to estimate its age.
Absolute dating Determining the exact age of a fossil using C14
C14 A radioactive isotope of Carbon. Its used in absolute dating.
Radio carbon dating Use of radioactive decay
Precambrian time From when the Earth was formed to 541 million years ago
Endosymbiotic theory A nucleated cell engulfed these prokaryotes, which then became organelles.
Linnaean taxonomy vs Aristotle Linnaean taxonomy only has two names and is newer.
Binomial nomenclature Two parts of a scientific name. The genus and the specific epithet
Classification system Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Three domains Archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes
Six kingdoms Archaea, bacteria, plants, animals, fungi, protists
Phylogenetics Evolutionary history of a group of organisms
Biodiversity Variety of life in some place, like the earth or an ecosystem
Native species Species that occurs naturally in a given area
Non-native species Introduced species
Invasive species A species that has moved to an area and taken over the vegetation there
Arthropod characteristics Jointed legs, exothermic, no invertebrate, multiple body segments, undergo metamorphosis, exoskeleton
Bodysegments Insect: head, thorax, abdomen Arachnid: cephalothorax, abdomen
Metamorphosis Complete: egg, larva, pupal, and adult Incomplete: egg, nymph, and adult
Reasons for arthropod success Versatile exoskeleton, efficient locomotion, air goes directly to cells, highly developed sensory organs, high reproduction rate
Created by: Macualey
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