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Science Chapter 3
Study guide for Chapter 3 of Science
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Volcano | Is a weak spot in the crust where molten material or magma comes to the surface |
Magma | Is a molten mixture |
Lava | After lava has cooled it forms solid rock |
Ring of Fire | Formed by many volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean |
Island Arc | The curve of it's echoes the curve of it's deep-ocean trench |
Hot Spot | is an area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through like a blowtorch |
Magma Chamber | beneath a volcano magma collects in a pocket |
Pipe | A long tube in the ground that magma moves through |
Lava Flow | is the area covered by lava as it pours out of a vent |
Crater | Is a bowl shaped area that may form at the top of a volcano around a volcano central vent |
Silica | Which is a material that is formed from the element oxygen and silicon is one of the most abundant materials in Earth's crust and mantle |
Pahoehoe | Is fast moving Lava |
aa | When aa hardens it forms a rough surface consisting of jagged lava chunks |
Shield Volcano | At some places on Earth's surface thin layers of lava pour out of a vent and harden on top of previous layers . Such lava flows gradually build a wide, gently sloping mountains |
Cinder-Cone Volcanoes | A steep cone shaped hill or mountain |
Composite Volcanoes | Are tall cone shaped mountain in which layers of lava alternate with layers of ash |
Caldera | The hole is filled with the pieces of the volcano that have fallen inward as well as some lava and ash |
Volcanic Neck | Forms when magma hardens in a volcano's pipe |
Dike | Magma that forces itself across rock layers hardens into a dike |
Sill | Magma squeezes between layers of rock it forms a sill |
Batholith | Is a mass of rock formed a large body of magma cools inside the crust |
What is the Ring of Fire | A volcanic belt |
How does Plate Tectonics explain the volcanos that form along the mid-ocean ridge |