Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
MUSIC VOCABULARY
vocabulary for music theory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Accent | In music, an accent is an emphasis, stress, or stronger attack placed on a particular note or set of notes, or chord, |
| 'B' SECTION → | Has music and words that are different from any other section herd; Is different than the 'A' section and the Refrain |
| BEAT | The basic unit of rhythm |
| CHROMATIC | chromatic introduces notes from outside of the scale |
| CADENCE | The resting place in a sentence, like when using a period that would be a complete phase or like using a comma which would make the phase incomplete |
| Cannon | A piece that is strickly Imitation |
| CHORD | When 3 or more notes sound together |
| CHROMATE SCALE → | Made up of the 12 half steps; Playing all the keys in the scale, black and white |
| COMPOUND METER | Beats are divided up into 3 groups |
| Conjunct | Music move in 1/2 steps to a whole step |
| CONSONANCE | Agreeable sounding notes that provide relaxation and fulfillment ; Both work together ( consonance and dissonance) |
| CONTOUR | Overall shape of the melody as it turns up or down; can be static and not go up or down; ascending, descending, arch, wave or static |
| COUNTERMELODY | 2 melodies at the same time, like that in 'the stars and stripes forever' |
| Counterpoint | One line set against another |
| DIATONIC | Diatonic uses the keys in the scale, the 7 whole and half step patterns, while |
| DISJUNCT | Melodies that have large intervals; moves in leaps and disconnected intervals; motion jumps more then 1 step; even when conjunct motion has large jump to another conjunct motion. |
| DISSONANCE | Introduces tension in the music with unstable notes that need resolution; like that of suspense in drama |
| DOWN BEAT | The first accented beat of each pattern or meter |
| DRONE | A single sustained pitch creating a relative simply harmony; used in many Asian culture music and the bagpipe |
| DUPLE METER | → STRONG DOWNBEAT FOLLOWED BY A WEAK BEAT: |
| Dynamics | The volume of the music; loud or soft |
| FLAT → (b) | Lowers the pitch by 1/2 step |
| HARMONY | The simultaneous combination of sounds' sound from one chord to the next harmony is derived from scales; 2 or more notes played at 1 time; called chords when 3 notes are played at 1 time; vertical motion |
| Homophony | One melodic voice is prominent over accompanying lines or voices; many people singing the same song together; base on harmony |
| Homorhythm | Same as homophony but all voices or lines move together in the same rhythm |
| Imitation | Polyphony; repeated lines at different intervals; row row your boat |
| INTERVAL | The distance between 2 pitches |
| MAJOR SCALE | Is created by whole and half steps ; w-w-h-w-w-h; and can start on key pitch including the black keys; Major scale defines two poles, the tonic and the point of ultimate rest or the dominant; Usually sounds more cheerful or triumphant |
| MEASURE | Or called BARS are vertical lines through the staff that seperate meters |
| MELODY | The line or tune in music; A succession of single pitchs, like words that make up a sentence; playing on 1 note at a time; Horizontal; each key is struck independently |
| METERS | A grouping of Beats or called patterns |
| Metric | The Meter ; duple triple quadruple |
| MINOR SCALE | Has lowered or flated 3rd note so the interval is shorter;the distance from C to E is greater than C to Eb; sounds Sadder or more Dark, almost like horror music; can start out loud; the intervals of the minor scale are w-h-w-w-h-w-w |
| Modulation | Moving the work within the same scale |
| Monophony | A single voice or line; focus on one melodic line; may have harmony; chants |
| NONMETRIC | Music that move without any beat or meter ; Chants or early church music |
| OCTAVE | 8 notes of the scale and is divided into 12 half steps or semitones |
| PENTATONIC | 5 note scale; African and Europe |
| PHRASE | Is much like a sentence |
| PITCH | Is the frequency; number of vibration per second; named by the 1st seven letters in the alphabet (A-G) |
| Polyphony | Many voices with different melodic lines ; based on counterpoint; one line set against another |
| POLYRHYTHM | Many rhythms; conflictiong patterns of beats; one hand plays 2 notes to a beat while the other hand plays 3 notes to a beat on a piano at the same time to the same beat |
| QUADRUPLE METER | 4 beats to a measure |
| RANGE | The distance from the lowest pitch to the highest pitch; can be narrow, wide or medium; describes ass the notes in a phrase |
| RHYTHM | What moves the music forward |
| Round | Just has imitation like row row your boat |
| SCALE | A collection of pitches arranged in a descending or ascending order; 2 types are Major and Minor ; Do-Re-Mi-Fa-Sol-La-Ti-Do or 12345678; makes up the harmony |
| SEXTUPLE METER | Used in Lullabies |
| SHARP→ (#) | Raises the pitch by a 1/2 step |
| SIMPLE METER | Each beat can be broken into 2 notes |
| SYNCOPATION | A way to upset the normal pattern of accents, done to prevent repeating accents from becoming monotonous. |
| Tempo | The rate or speed of music |
| Texture | Rhythm, melody and harmony ; temp and dynamics, also polyphonic monophony, homorhythm |
| THE REFRAIN | Is groups of lines that are repeated to summarize the point of the story |
| TIMBRE | What is making the sound, what instrument is that? |
| Time Signature | 4/4 or 6/8 gives the Beat |
| TONALITY | Is the organizing around the central note; has both major and minor scale; written in western music aroun 1600; Tonality can be described as chromatic, minor, major, consonant, dissonant |
| TONIC | Usually the 1st note of the scale that is played; Do; is also the rest chord |
| TRANSPOSITION | Taking the entire work and transposing it to a new key; if the original key is to high or low to accommodate the singer |
| TRIAD | A combination of 3 pitches and usually starts on a note and jumps; Do-Mi-Sol or 135; Re-Fa-La or 246 |
| TRIPLE METER | Strong downbeat followed by 2 weak beats; used in Waltz style dances |
| TRITONIC | A three note scale ; African style |
| Upbeat | Are the beats in between the Downbeats and are not Accented ; could also be the first note in the measure |
| VERSE/REFRAIN STRUCTURE | Verses 'A' and 'B' alternate with the refrain. |
| Allegro | Fast |
| Moderato | Moderate |
| Presto | Very Fast |
| Accelerando | Speeding Up |
| Vivace | Lively, would also indicate fast |
| Adagio | Very Slow |
| Largo | Very Slow in a Broad term |
| Grave | Very, Very Slow |
| Ritardando | Slowing Down |
| Pianissimo (pp) | Very Soft |
| Piano (p) | Soft |
| Mezzo Piano (mp) | Moderate Soft |
| Fortissimo (ff) | Very Loud |
| Forte (f) | Loud |
| Mezzo Forte (mf) | Moderate Loud |
| Crescendo (<) | Growing Louder |
| Decrescendo (>) | Growing Softer |
| Molto | Very |
| Meno | Less |
| Non Troppo | Not too Much |
| A Tempo | Return to original Pace |
| Form | Organized principles of music like Strophic or Variation |
| Stanza and Strophe | Same as the Verse, Lines of words that build a song; Lines Change words from one group to another |
| Chorus and Refrain | Group of words in line that repeat, mostly comes after the stanza or strophe |
| Type of Forms | Strophic, Through-Composed, Variation, Binary |
| Strophic Form | Has same melody for each line but the group of lines change lyrics |
| Through- Composed Form | No large repeated sections. No Chorus, Story may change and is a vocal form |
| Variation Form | When Original Work is recognizable but some parts of the music are altered like in a remake of a song with a different artist |
| Binary Form | Instruments Only (A-B); A= the statement and B= the departure |
| Ternary Form | Instruments Only (A-B-A) same as Binary but return to the statement at the end. |
| Theme | Melodic Idea of a large scale work; can be changed by texture, dynamics, tempo or the instruments |
| Sequence | When motives are repeated at a different Pitch |
| Responsorial | A repetitive style involving a soloist and a group answering the singer |
| Improvisational | Spontaneously created uses Repetition, Contrast, and Variation |
| Ostinato | Repetition of Short melodic rhythmic or harmonic patterns |
| Motives | Are Small Fragments of Music |
| Movements | What Symphonies and sonatas are divided up into |
| Notes | Bound together create phrases, Phrases into Stanzas, Stanzas into Themes within a section, Sections within a Movement, and Movements into a Work |
| Non Lexical | Syllables that make no sense , na na na na or zip a dee doo dah |
| Scat - Singing | Vocal Improvisation using wordless vocab ; Shoo Be Doo Be Doo Wop |
| Vocalise | Wordless Melody, Using the voice as a instrument |
| Vernacular | The language of the people |
| Secular | Nonreligious Language |
| Syllabic Setting | One note per Syllable |
| Neumatic Setting | Few notes per Syllable 3-6 |
| Melismatic Setting | Many notes per Syllable , makes words longer |
| Word Painting | How music depicts the words in sound |
| Song | Music with Words |
| High pitched female voice | Soprano |
| Moderate pitched female voice | Mezzo Soprano |
| Lower pitched female voice | Alto |
| High pitched male voice | Tenor |
| Moderate pitched male voice | Baritone |
| Low pitched male voice | Bass |
| 4 Instrument categories | Aerophones, Chordophones, Idiophones, and Membranophones |
| Aerophones | Produce sound with air |
| Chordophones | Produce sound with vibrating strings |
| Idiophones | Produce sound by the material that the Instrument is made from |
| Membranophone | Produce sound from the tight skin stretched over it |
| Legato | Notes that smoothly connect to one another |
| Staccato | Short detached notes, OPPOSITE of Legato |
| Pizzicato | Plucking of the strings |
| Vibrato | Slight movement in wrist or hand to produce an altered pitch, performed with strings |
| Glissando | Fingers slides down the strings as bow is being Drawn to gather all the pitches |
| Trill | Rapidly altering between two notes that sit next to each other |
| Double Stopping | Playing two strings at one time |
| Quadruple Stopping | Playing four strings at one time |
| Homogeneous | Choral group with only voices |
| Heterogeneous | Orchestra; Has many different Instruments |
| Chorus | Large group of singers with 2 or more voice types |
| Choir | Small chorus |
| A Cappella | Singing With Out Instruments |
| Gamelani | A Metallic Percussions Ensemble |
| Wind Band has what instruments in it | Mainly wind and Percussions |
| Instruments in a String Quartet | 2 Violins, 1 Viola and a Cello |
| Genre | Suggest a overall character of work; song , symphony, rondeau |
| Oral Transmission | Passing down music generationally without writing the music down |
| Chamber Music | Ensemble music of groups of 2 to 12 |
| Minstrels | Musicians that played for royalty |
| Organum | Plainchant, single line melodies of early Christian music ; combined with simultaneous musical lines More than one line |
| Cantas Firmus | The Lowest part in Organum Chant |
| Plainchant | Monophonic , Nonmetric, church mode |
| Chanson | French Love songs; middle ages |
| Quadrivium | 4 topics for education in the middle ages; Music, Math, Astronomy and Geometry |
| Ars Nova | New Art |
| 3 Poetic forms | Rondeau, Ballade and Virilai |
| Retrograde Movement / Palindromes | Phrases that read the same forwards and backwards |
| When does Notation begin | The 1st Half of the Middle Ages, during Charlemagne's' rule |
| 2 composers that developed Organum style chant | Leonin and Perotin ;; middle of middle ages |
| Troubadours and Trouveres | Wrote love songs ; used notation; wrote about love , politics. and morality and the crusades |
| Identifiers of Organum | Polyphonic, mostly in Gregorian Chant; Text Setting is mostly Melismatic , has Wavelike contour, has Rhythm ; Non Tonality |
| Identifiers of Plainchant | Monophonic, No Harmony, No Counterpoint, Conjunct, A Capella, Wavelike, Melismatic , No Tonality, Latin or Greek. |
| Neumes | Small ascending or descending squares that suggest the contour of the music; Used of a 4 line staff |
| Modes | A variety of scale patterns with overlapping Minor and Major scales |
| Liturgy | Prayer that make up Mass; Proper and Ordinary |
| Mass | Reenactment of Christ last supper |
| Kyrie | Short Liturgical Prayer that begs for Mercy " Lord Have Mercy only part of the mass that is preformed in Greek; |
Created by:
scones and joe
Popular Music sets