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bio 3/4

photosynthesis

QuestionAnswer
What is the purpose of photosynthesis? The function autotrophs use to convert sunlight, water and carbon dioxide into useable chemical energy and oxygen.
What can glucose be used for? An immediate source of energy for the cell, translocated as sucrose, stored as a complex carbohydrate.
What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis? 6CO2 + 6H2O + Sunlight = C6H12O6 + 6O2
What is the chloroplast structure? Contains stroma – fluid matrix is the site of the light independent. thylakoid membrane – bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, site of light dependent. Grana – thylakoid stacks. Thylakoid lamellae – sheets between thylakoids.
What is the origin of chloroplasts? Chloroplast DNA is circular that replicates though binary fission. Contains ribosomes, cell would be unable to regenerate chloroplasts, and outer membrane contains transport proteins called porins also found in prokaryotes.
What is an endosymbiotic relationship in chloroplasts? Chloroplasts are descendants of cyanobacteria, engulfed by eukaryotic cells and lived in a symbiotic relationship. Over time the cyanobacteria became permanent residents of cells and became chloroplasts.
What are the steps of the light dependent stage? Occurs in the thylakoid membrane/grana. First the chlorophyll absorbs light, energy splits H2O (input) to produce O2 (output), then energy carrying molecules (ATP + NADPH) are produced (output) from (NADP+ and ADP + P) (input).
What are the inputs are outputs of the light dependent stage? Water + NADP+ and ADP+P = Oxygen + NADPH and ATP
What are the steps of the light independent stage? Occurs in the stroma. ATP + NADPH (coenzymes) drives the Calvin cycle (main stage of light independent reaction), CO2 (input) is converted to a three-carbon intermediate molecule, then two of the three-carbon molecule form a glucose molecule (output).
What are the inputs and outputs of the light independent stage? Carbon dioxide + NADPH and ATP = glucose + NADP+ and ADP+P
How does carbon dioxide concentration affect the rate of photosynthesis? This is dependent on the orientation or the number of stromata on the plant as there is relatively constant concentration in the air.
How does light availability affect the rate of photosynthesis? Increased light intensity equals increased rate of photosynthesis (to a point). Plateau will arrive at a maximum point because the finite number of enzymes in the chloroplasts are working at their optimum.
How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis? The optimum temperature for photosynthesis is between 25 to 35 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is too high then the enzymes will denature.
Created by: lucyokane
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