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Plants and Ecology:{
Plants and ecology test info
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is ecology? | the study of interactions that occur among organisms and their environment. |
| What are consumers? | organisms that cant make thier own energy rich molecules |
| what are food chains? | a simple model of the feeding relationships in an ecosystem |
| What is symbiosis? | any close relationship betwee species |
| What is mutualism? | a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit |
| What is commensalism? | a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other isnt affected |
| What is parasitism? | a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits but the other is harmed |
| Whats a niche? | an organsims role in its environment |
| Whats prey? | organism thats captured by the predator |
| Whats a predator? | consumer that capture and eat other consumers |
| What are producers? | organisms that use an outside energy source like the un to make energy rich molecules |
| What are limiting factors? | anything that restricts the number of incividuals in a population |
| What is population density? | the number of individuals of one species per a specific area |
| Whats exponential growth? | the larger a population gets the faster it grows |
| whats competition? | When organisms compete for resources |
| Whats chemosynthesis? | the production of energy rich nutrient molecules from chemicals |
| Whats a community? | all populations in a certain area |
| whats a population? | same species in a certain location |
| Whats a biosphere? | part of earth that supports life |
| Whats a habitat? | place where an organism lives |
| Whats an ecosystem? | all communties living in an area and the abiotic things around it |
| Whats biotic potential? | the highest rate of reproduction under ideal conditions |
| Whats a carrying capacity? | the largest number of individuals of one species that an ecosystem can support over time |
| Whats an energy pyramid? | a model that shows the amount of energy available at each feeding level in an ecosystem |
| Whats a food web? | a model that shows all the possible feeding relationships among the organsims in a community( all food chains togethr) |
| Whats the importance of plants? | they provide food for consumers, give off oxygen, pollination |
| Where does photosynthesis take place? | chloroplast |
| What is the equation for photosynthesis? | light energy+water+carbon dioxide-> oxygen + glucose |
| Where does cellular respiration take place? | mitochondria |
| What is the equation for cellular respiration? | oxygen+glucose-> energy+carbon dioxide |
| How do seedless plants reproduce? | using spores |
| How do seed plants reproduce? | w/ seeds |
| What is a stigma? | where pollen grains land |
| Whats a pistol | the female reproductive organ, that includes:stigma,style,ovule and ovulary |
| Whats the style? | long stock to ovulary |
| What is an ovulary? | swollen base of pistol, after fertilization it becomes fruit |
| whats an ovule? | where the egs are produced and after fertilization it becomes a seed |
| Whats a sepal? | small leaflike parts that protects the unbloomed flower |
| Whats a petal? | most colorful part that attracts insects |
| Whats the filament? | holds the anther up |
| Whats the anther? | part that produces pollen |
| Whats the stamen? | male reproductive organ, that includes:anther, filament |
| What are the 2 types of plants? | vascular and nonvascular |
| What do vascular plants do? | grow upward |
| What do nonvascular plants do? | dont grow upward |
| What is a ex. of seedless vascular plants? | ferns |
| What is an example of seedless nonvascular plants? | mosses |
| What are the 2 types of nonvascular seedplants? | angiosperm and gymnosperm(naked) |
| What are some characteristics of gymnosperms? | no fruit, dont loose all leaves |
| What are some characteristics of angiosperms? | usually flowers, produce fruit |
| What is the process of pollination? | flower produces pollen in anther, anther goes to another flower's stigma, the pollen goes down the style into the ovulary and ovule, fertilizes eggs and produce seeds and fruit |
| What are some places where life can be found? | deserts, arctic, coral reefs, rainforests |
| What are the 2 types of competiton? | between animals or between different populations. they can be over food or space |
| What are the factors that influence pop. size? | deathrates, birthrates, animals moving from place to place, limiting factors |
| How do birthrates and deathrates influence pop. size? | higher birthrate than deathrate= pop. larger and higher deathrate then birthrate= pop. smaller , equal birthrate and deathrate= pop.stays same |
| What makes up an organisms niche? | how it obtans food and shelter, how it finds a mate, how they care for the young and how it avoids danger by adapting to improve survival |
| Whats photosynthesis? | when producers convert light energy into chemical energy in sugar molecules |
| What do organisms use to go through chemosynthesis? | bacteria from hydrothermal vents |
| what are the levels in the energy pyramid from bottom to top? | producers, herbivores and carnivores |
| How much energy is available at each level of the energy pyramid? | most energy,most organisms to less energy, less organisms |
| What is a similarity between food chains and energy pyramids? | they both show energy flow |
| Whats a similarity between food chains and food webs? | both show feeding relationships |
| What is a difference between energy pyramids, food webs and food chains? | energy pyramids dont show feeding relationships |
| What is the similarity between food chains and food webs? | both show energy levels in order |
| how is energy transferred from one organism to another? | when an organism eats another, herbivores eat producers then carnivores eat herbivores |
| Whats an organism? | any living thing |
| Whats a monocot? | angiosperm with 1 cotelydon |
| Whats a dicot? | angiosperm with 2 cotyledons |
| What are cotelydons? | stored food |
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