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Plate Tectonics
Review of vocab and content
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| earthquake | happens at plate boundaries when rock breaks or hits causing shaking and trembling of the ground |
| plate boundaries | edges of plates where rock breaks or hits |
| plates | huge, irregularly-shaped pieces of Earth's crust |
| bedrock | solid pieces of rock found below the soil or water on Earth's surface; creates the Earth's crust |
| convergent boundary | plate boundary created when plates collide |
| divergent boundary | plate boundary created when plates separate |
| subduction zone | convergent boundary created when an denser ocean plate collides with a lighter land plate |
| subduction | happens when the denser ocean plate sinks below the lighter land plate into the mantle where it begins to melt |
| volcano | a weak spot in Earth's crust that lets magma rise to the surface; can form at divergent boundaries or subduction zones |
| fossil | preserved remains or traces of things that lived long ago |
| sedimentation | the second step of fossil formation which occurs when remains are covered quickly in layers of sediment |
| relative age | the age of a rock or fossil compared to other rocks or fossils |
| igneous rock | rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens |
| sedimentary rock | rock formed when layers of sediment solidify sometimes preserving a fossil inside |
| absolute age | the exact numerical age of a rock or fossil |
| radioactive decay | the process of an unstable atom changing into a stable atom, releasing radiation energy |
| half-life | the time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay |
| mountain | landform created when two land plates collide |
| weathering | breaking down of rock into smaller pieces |
| erosion | moving broken rock (sediment) from one place to another |
| deposition | laying down sediment in a new location |
| convection currents | the circulation of heated materials; happens in the mantle because of heat from the core; causes plate movement |
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