Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio 212
Topic 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Macromolecule | A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecultes. Usually by a condensation reaction. Polysaccarides, proteins, and nucleic acids. |
| Condensation Reaction | The process by which monomers are connected by a reaction in which two molecules are covalently bonded to each other through the loss of a water molecule |
| Dehydration Reaction | A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule. |
| Hydrolysis | A chemical process the lyses,or splits, molecules by the addition of water. Functioning in disassembly of polymers to monomers. |
| Polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together |
| Monomer | The subunit that serves as the building block of a polymer |
| Carbohydrate | A sugar (monosaccharide). |
| Monosaccharide | The simplest carbohydrate, active alone or serving as a monomer for disaccharides and polysaccharides. Also know as simple sugars. |
| Disaccharide | A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage formed during dehydration synthesis |
| Glycosidic Linkage | A covalent bonded formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction. |
| Polysaccharide | A polymer of many monosaccharides, formed by dehydration reaction |
| Starch | A storage polysaccharide in plants, consisting entirely of glucose monomers joined by a glycosidic linkages |
| Glycogen | An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccaride found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch |
| Cellulose | A structural polysaccharide of plant cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by "B" glycosidic linkages. |
| Lipid | One of a group of compounds, including fats, phospholipids, and steroids, that mix poorly, if at all, with water. |
| Fatty Acid | A long carbon chain carboxylic acid. Fatty acids vary in length and in the number and location of double bonds; three fatty acids linked to a glycerol molecule for a fat molecule, also known as a triaclyglycerol to triglyceride |
| Saturation | If there are no double bonds between carbon chains then as many hydrogen atoms as possible are bonded to the carbon skeleton. Sucha a structure is described as being saturated with hydrogen, so the resulting fatty acid is called a saturated fatty acid. |
| Phospholipid | A lipid made of glycerol joined to 2 fatty acids and phosphate group.The hydrobarbon chains of the fatty acids act as nonpolar, hydrophobic tails, while the rest of the molecule acts as a polar hydrophilic head. form membranes. |
| Cholesterol | A steroid that forms an essential component of animal cell membranes and acts as a precursor molecule for the synthesis of other biologically important steroids, such as hormones. |
| Steroid | A type of lipid ocharacterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various chemical groups attached. |
| Amino Acid | An organic molecule possessing both carboxyl and amino groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of polypeptides. |
| Polypeptide | A polymer of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds |
| Disulfide Bridge | A strong covalent bond formed when the sulfur of one cysteine monomer bonds to the sulfur of another cysteine monomer. |
| Polynucleotide | A polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers in a chain; nucleotides can be those of DNA or RNA |
| Nucleotide | The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group. |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid | A double stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule consisting of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar; capable of replicating and determining the inherited structures of a cell's proteins. |
| Ribonucleic Acid | A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar; usually single-stranded; futein synthesis, gene regulations, and as the t of some viruses. |
| Purine | One of two types of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides, characterized by a six-membered ring fuse to a five membered ring . Adenine and Guanine are purines. |
| Pyrimidine | One of two types of nitrogenous bases found in nucleotides, characterized by a six membered ring. Cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U) are pyrimidines |
Created by:
Cartejer
Popular Biology sets