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Bio: The Cell -Vocab

Body Structure & Function

QuestionAnswer
Organelles A specialized sub-unit within a cell that has a specific function. Usually separately enclosed within it's own lipid layer. IE: Nucleolus, Nucleus
Cell Membrane The membrane that forms the outer boundry of a cell. Made up of phospholipids, protein, cholesterol, with carbohydrates on the outer surface.
Bilipid Mosaic Model
Cytosol (ICF) the liquid found inside the cells. A complex mixture of substances disolved in water.
Nucleus Control Center of a Cell. A membrane enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Contains most of the cells genetic material. Maintains the integrity of the cells genes. (regulates gene expression)
DNA A neucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions used in the developement & functioning of all living things & some viruses (a blueprint)
mRNA,Messenger Ribonucleic Acid a molecule of RNA encoding a chemical blueprint for a protein product.
tRNA, Transfer Ribonucleic Acid transfers a specific active amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site of protein synthesis during translation.
rRNA, Ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid Central component of a ribosome. the protein manufacturing machinery of all living cells.
Transcription (RNA synthesis) the process of creating an equivalent RNA copy of a sequence of DNA.
Translation First stage of protein biosynthesis. (part of the overall process of gene expression)
Mitosis Process by which the body grows & dead cells are replaced. A continuous process. (Prophase, metaphase, anaphase & telophase)
Cytoplasm Part of the cell that is enclosed within the cell membrane.
Nucleoplasm a special type of cytoplasm found in the nucleus.
ER (Rough & Smooth) An eukaryotic organelle that forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles & cisternae within the cells.
Mitochondria Cellular power plants. A membrane enclosed organelle. Generates most of the cells supply of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
Created by: scagliozzo
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