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BIOLOGY Raven 2

BIOLOGY Raven Ch2

TermDefinition
Ion A charged particle
Orbital A region outside the nucleus where the electron can be found
Cation A positively charged particle
Anion A negatively charged particle
Isotope Atoms of a single element that differ in number of neutrons
Octet Rule Atoms tend to achieve completely full outer energy levels (s & p)
Ionic bond When atoms with opposite charges attract to each other, this results
Covalent Bond When atoms “share” electrons, this results
Polar Having a spatial separation between positive and negative portions of a molecule
Hydrogen Bond The attraction between molecules based upon slight polarities, especially on hydrogen atoms, as is present in water. These are weak interactions.
Surface Tension The phenomenon in which, at the interface between water and air, water’s cohesive forces, water molecules are attracted to other water molecules beneath them.
Cohesion The attraction that water molecules have with each other, due to hydrogen bonding
Adhesion The attraction that water molecules have with other materials, due to hydrogen bonding.
Specific Heat Capacity The amount of thermal energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius
Heat of Vaporization The amount of thermal energy needed to turn one gram of a substance from a liquid to a gas
Hydrophobic The tendency of a material to repel water
Hydrophilic The tendency of a material to attract water
Acid Any substance that dissociates in water to increase the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration
Base Any substance that bonds with hydrogen ions (H+) and lowers the hydrogen ion concentration
Buffer A substance that resists changes in pH
Created by: MrGross
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