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Biology Vocab #4 Q1
Biology Vocab #4 Chapter 3 Section 3.2 & 3.3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| weather | The condition of the atmosphere at a specific place and time. |
| latitude | The distance of any point on the surface of Earth north or south from the equator. |
| climate | The average weather conditions in an area, including temperature and precipitation. |
| tundra | A treeless biome with a layer of permanently frozen soil below the surface called permafrost. |
| boreal forest | Also known as northern coniferous forest, or taiga. The Summers are longer and somewhat warmer than in the tundra, enabling the ground to remain warmer than in the tundra. They lack a permafrost layer. |
| temperate forest | Composed mostly of broad-leaved, deciduous trees—trees that shed their leaves in autumn. |
| woodland | Found in areas with less annual rainfall than in temperate forests. |
| grassland | A biome that is characterized by fertile soils that are able to support a thick cover of grasses. |
| desert | Any area in which the annual rate of evaporation exceeds the rate of precipitation. |
| tropical savanna | Characterized by grasses and scattered trees in climates that receive less precipitation than some other tropical areas. |
| tropical seasonal forest | Also called tropical dry forests, they grow in areas of Africa, Asia, Australia, and South and Central America. They resembles the temperate deciduous forest because during the dry season, almost all of the trees drop their leaves to conserve water. |
| tropical rain forest | Warm temperatures and large amounts of rainfall throughout the year. |
| sediment | Material that is deposited by water, wind, or glaciers. |
| littoral zone | The area closest to the shore of lakes and ponds. |
| limnetic zone | The open water area that is well lit and is dominated by plankton. |
| plankton | Free-floating photosynthetic autotrophs that live in freshwater or marine ecosystems. |
| profundal zone | The deepest areas of a large lake, is much colder and lower in oxygen than the other two zones. |
| wetlands | Areas of land such as marshes, swamps, and bogs that are saturated with water and that support aquatic plants. |
| abyssal zone | The deepest region of the ocean. Water in this area is very cold. Most organisms in this zone rely on food materials that drift down from the zones above. |
| estuary | An ecosystem that is formed where freshwater from a river or stream merges with salt water from the ocean. |
| intertidal zone | A narrow band where the ocean meets land. Organisms that live in this zone must be adapted to the constant changes that occur as daily tides and waves alternately submerge and expose the shore. |
| photic zone | Also called the euphotic zone. It is shallow enough that sunlight is able to penetrate. As depth increases, light decreases. Autotrophic organisms in the photic zone include surface seaweeds and plankton. |
| aphotic zone | An area where sunlight is unable to penetrate. It is in constant darkness and generally is cold, but there is thermal layering with a mixing of warm and cold ocean currents. |
| benthic zone | The area along the ocean floor that consists of sand, silt, and dead organisms. Sunlight can penetrate to the bottom of the ocean floor. As depth increases, less sunlight penetrates the deeper water, and temperature decreases. |
Created by:
Mr. Bryant
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