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Biol 104 Ch. 2

basic chemistry review

TermDefinition
Electronegativity the ability to attract electrons
Valence electrons these occupy the outer shell in an element and determine chemical reactivity
Ionic bond the type of bond formed by a transfer of electrons
Hydrogen bonding the name for the attraction between adjacent water molecules
Isotopes variations of the same element with different masses due to different numbers of neutrons
Atomic number the number of protons in an element
Compound two or more different elements chemically combined in a fixed ratio
Atomic mass (mass number) the sum of protons and neutrons
Double bond the type of covalent bond that has has four electrons shared as two pairs
Salt the general name for substances held together by ionic bonds
Covalent bond the type of bond where electrons are shared
Single Bond the type of covalent bond where two electrons are shared as one pair
Molecule the general name for a substance held together by covalent bonds
Element the simplest form of matter. It cannot be chemically broken down into anything smaller
Protons subatomic particle found in the nucleus, with a mass of 1 amu and a positive charge
Neutron subatomic particle found in the nucleus, with a mass of 1 amu and a charge of zero
Electron subatomic particle found in energy pathways outside the nucleus; virtually no mass, with a negative charge
Nucleus the dense, positive center of an atom
Ion a charged particle, due to a gain or loss of one or more electrons.
Reactants the starting materials in a chemical reaction
Products the ending materials in a chemical reaction
Created by: PRO Teacher etucci
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