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Unit 2 S&F
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| end of the muscle attached to the more stationary bone | muscle origin |
| Cervical vertebra 2? | Axis |
| weight bearing bone of the foot? | calcaneous |
| frontal and parietal suture | Coronal suture |
| muscle responsible for raising eyebrows? | frontalis |
| exaggerated lateral curvature of the spine? | scoliosis |
| exaggerated thoracic curvature of the spine? | kyphosis |
| number of pairs of false ribs? | 8-10 |
| superior portion of the sternum | manubrium |
| name of a muscle cell | muscle fiber |
| weight bearing bone of the lower leg | tibia |
| cavity of scapula to form the shoulder joint | glenoid cavity |
| abdominal muscles that support the lumbar region? | rectus abdominus |
| fluid of the joint capsule | synovial fluid |
| longest muscle of the body | sartorius |
| fusion between left and right parietal bones | sagittal suture |
| 3 types of articulations | fixed, semi-moveable, freely moveable |
| bone dissolving cell | osteoclast |
| pad of cartilage joining the anterior pelvic girdle | symphysis pubis |
| cervical vertebra 1? | atlas |
| only freely moving joint in the skull | temporomandibular joint |
| pointing toes downward | plantar flexion |
| landmark of the occipital allowing for passage of the spinal cord? | foramen magnum |
| muscle responsible for "back swing" of the leg | gluteus maximus |
| name of the tissue that binds the rectus abdominus to the midline | linea alba |
| fixed joints of the skull are called? | sutures |
| muscle forming the bulk of the calf of the lower leg | gastrocnemius |
| scapula process that articulates with the clavicle | acromian process |
| muscle group responsible for the "rowing action" of the trunk and arms? | latissimus dorsi |
| muscle that expands the chest ? | external intercostals |
| site of the calcium storage in the muscle fiber | sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| bone classes | short, flat, long, irregular, sesamoid |
| bone building cell | osteoblast |
| exaggerated lumbar curvature of the spine | Lordosis |
| process of the inferior sternum | xiphoid process |
| end of the muscle attached to the more mobile bone | muscle insertion |
| 3 classes of muscle | skeletal, smooth, cardiac |
| tissue layer surrounding one muscle fiber | endomysium |
| space between the motor neuron and a group of muscle fibers | synaptic gap |
| connective tissue joining the muscle to muscle | aponeurosis |
| number the pairs of true ribs | 1-7 |
| number the pairs of floating ribs | 11-12 |
| muscle responsible for flexion and rotation of the head | sternocleidomastoid |
| thumb joint is called what | saddle joint |
| what are the 6 types of freely moveable articulations?(synovial joints) | ball & socket- shoulder hinge- elbow gliding- ankle clondyloid- base of fingers saddle- thumb pivot- atlas, axis |
| groups of ligaments and bursa holding the pectoral girdle in place | rotator cuff |
| cavity of the illium to form the hip joint | acetabulum |
| 2 crossed stabilizing ligaments of the knee | acl & pcl |
| what is a fascicle | bundle of muscle fibers |
| what is the outside lining holding all the muscle fibers together making it a fascicle called? | perimysium |
| what is the outside lining holding all the fascicles together making it a bundle called? | epimysium |
| name of the cell membrane of a muscle cell | sarcolemma |
| bundles of proteins are called what | myofibril |
| fluid that fills the muscle cell is called what | sarcoplasm |
| thick myofilaments | made of myosin |
| thin myofilaments | made of actin |
| sliding filament model | how a muscle contracts |
| myosin heads attach to what, shortening the muscle during contraction | actin myofibrils |
| you must have what in your muscles to have movement | calcium |
| what conducts an impulse specifically for movement | motor neuron |
| what is the meeting place between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber called | neurotransmitter junction |
| what does the neurotransmitter do | sends a signal from the brain to fill the synaptic gap with the AcH(acetylcholine) making the muscle contract |
| what is released when AcH( acetylcholine) hits the muscle fiber? | calcium |
| where is the calcium stored | sarcoplasmic reticulum |
| what is a motor unit | a neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates |
| what must the muscle fibers do to be effective | contract at the same time for the same length of time |
| what is the main muscle in the group that creates the skeletal movement called | prime mover |
| what is the end of a muscle that attaches to the stationary bone called | origin |
| what is the end of a muscle called that attaches to a moveable bone | insertion |
| what is synergists | muscle group that helps the prime mover |
| antagonist is what | muscle group that moves opposite of each other |
| muscles are named according to what | size, shape, location & number of origins, direction of a muscle fibers, action |
| what is bones function | shape, support, protection, movement, electrolyte balance, blood production, acid-base balance |
| what is the length of a long bone called | diaphysis |
| what is the end of a long bone called | epiphysis |
| what contains the bone marrow | medullary cavity |
| what color is bone marrow in adults | yellow |
| what is the dense, protective covering of the bone | periosteum |
| what is the layer of cartilage that separates the the epiphysis and diaphysis | epiphysial plate |
| what are osteocytes | mature osteoblasts in hardened bone matrix |
| what is bone called | osseous tissue |
| what is the process of forming the fetal skeleton | endochondral ossification |
| what is the building and development of bone | ossification |
| types of fractures | simple fracture- bone remains aligned compound fracture- bone breaks skin greenstick fracture- incomplete fracture( common in kids) comminuted fracture- several pieces, shattered spiral fracture- results from a twisting force |
| axial skeleton consists of? | skull, vertebrae, sternum, ribs |
| appendicular skeleton consists of? | bones of the limbs, pelvic and shoulder areas |
| what is the opening that allows for passage of the spinal cord called in the vertebrae | foramen |
| what process extends on each side of the vertebrae | transverse process |
| what process projects posteriorly from your vertebrae | spinous process |
| intervertebral disc? | sit between your vertebrae and are made of fibrocartilage ring on the outside and gel on the inside |
| when the intervertebral disc leaks what is this called | disc herniation |
| the coracoid process and the acromion process prevent what | upward dislocation |
| what in the foot is non weight bearing | metatarsals |
| what does the fibula do | stabilization |
| what kind of cartilage protects the end of bones | hyaline |
| what is one structural unit of bone | osteon |
| what is the types of bone tissue | spongey and compact |
| steps to fracture repair | initial hematoma transforms into granulation tissue granulation tissue transforms into soft callus a hard callus forms around the fracture remodeling replaces the callus tissue with bone |
| how are the joints classified | movability, material binding them together |
| what does the synovial fluid do | nourishes the cartilage lubricates joints contains phagocytes to destroy waste |
| what are the sinuses of the skull called | frontal sinus ethmoid sinus maxillary sinus sphenoid sinus |
| which muscle is not involved in breathing | temporal |
| decrease angle of a joint | flexion |
| increasing the angle between bones | extension |
| circular movement of an appendage | circumduction |
| bone spins toward the body | internal rotation |
| sole of the foot towards opposite foot | inversion |
| sole of the foot away from opposite foot | eversion |
| movement away from the midline | abduction |
| movement toward the midline | adduction |
| palms upwards | supination |
| palm downward | pronation |
| toes upward | dorsiflexion |
| skeletal muscle is | voluntary, striated, attached to bone smooth and skeletal work together like the urinary bladder and rectal muscles |
| cardiac muscle is | involuntary and striated, found only in the heart |
| smooth muscle is | involuntary, non-striated, found in the digestive tract, uterus, airways |
| automaticity means what | cardiac muscle can operate its own impulse. the brain doesnt have to signal it to pump |
Created by:
baylierk
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