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Biology
Ch.1/3Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following attributes is common to both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells? | the use of DNA as the information storage molecule |
| What is the correct order for the hierarchy of biological organization from the least to the most complex? | molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem |
| In comparison to eukaryotes, prokaryotes _____. | are smaller |
| Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope? | archaean |
| Which of the following statements is true regarding the complexity of biological systems? | Knowing the function of a component of a living system can provide insights into the structure and organization of the living system. |
| Which taxonomic domain includes multicellular photosynthetic organisms? | Eukarya |
| Which of these provides evidence of the common ancestry of all life? | near universality of the genetic code |
| Which of the following is true of natural selection? | It requires genetic variation, results in descent with modification, and involves differential reproductive success. |
| Which of the following statements is not true of scientific experiments? | They must occur under carefully controlled conditions found in a laboratory |
| In an experiment, investigators try to control all of the variables except one—the one that tests the hypothesis. Which of the following reasons is the primary rationale for controlling variables in an experiment? | : To eliminate alternative explanations for the results of an experiment |
| Which of the following statements could not be supported or rejected by a scientific experiment? | The first living cell on Earth came from outer space |
| Which of the following statements is true of a hypothesis? | A hypothesis can be supported or rejected through experimentation. |
| Which of the following variables did Pasteur change in his experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation? | The shape of the flask |
| In Pasteur's experiment to test the hypothesis of spontaneous generation, why did he boil the broth in both flasks? | To kill any existing organisms in the broth |
| Suppose the sub-hypothesis that wing waving alone reduces predation by jumping spiders was supported by the Zonosemata experiment. What results would have supported that sub-hypothesis? | Zonosemata flies with house fly house fly wings are attacked less frequently. |
| Suppose that Zonosemata flies whose own wings had been clipped and reattached were attacked more frequently than untreated Zonosemata flies. How would this result have affected the reliability of the other experimental results? | All results for the experimental groups involving wing surgery would be invalid. |
| How does a scientific theory differ from a scientific hypothesis? | Theories are usually an explanation for a more general phenomenon; hypotheses typically address more specific issues. |
| he best experimental design _____. | includes large sample size and control, and alters only one condition between the controls and the experimental condition |
| The temperature at which an alligator's egg is incubated will determine the sex of the offspring. The dependent and the independent variables in this experiment are ________. | sex of the baby alligator and temperature respectively |
| A water molecule can bond to up to _____ other water molecules by ____ bonds. | four ... hydrogen |
| The unequal sharing of electrons within a water molecule makes the water molecule _____. | polar |
| The tendency of an atom to pull electrons toward itself is referred to as its _____. | The question defines electronegativity. |
| In this molecule, what type of bond is found between oxygen and hydrogens? | polar covalent |
| Why isn't this insect drowning? | Surface tension. |
| Water molecules have a polarity, which allows them to be electrically attracted to other water molecules and other polar molecules by weak chemical bonds known as _____. | hydrogen bonds |
| The concentration of the appetite-regulating hormone ghrelin is about 1.3 x10-10 M in the blood of a fasting person. How many molecules of ghrelin are in 1 L of blood? | 7.8 × 1013 |
| What process exerts the pull on water molecules that are relayed from leaf to root via cohesion? | evaporation |
| Because organisms are made primarily of water, they resist rapid temperature changes. This useful quality is based on water's _____ | high specific heat |
| Many of water's emergent properties, such as its cohesion, its high specific heat, and its high heat of vaporization, result from the fact that water molecules _____. | are attracted to each other by partial negative and positive charges on the oxygen and hydrogen atoms, respectively |
| If the molecular mass of a carbon atom is 12, the mass of a hydrogen atom is 1, and the mass of an oxygen atom is 16 daltons, how many molecules does one mole of table sugar (sucrose; C12H22O11) contain? | 6.02 x 10^23 |
| One mole (mol) of glucose (molecular mass = 180 daltons) is ________. | 180 grams of glucose |
| How does 0.5 M sucrose (molecular mass 342) solution compare to 0.5 M glucose (molecular mass 180) solution? | Both have 3.01 × 1023 molecules. |
| How many grams of the compound in the figure are required to make 1 liter of a 0.5 M solution? (Note: The atomic masses, in daltons, are approximately 12 for carbon, 1 for hydrogen, and 16 for oxygen.) | 30 |
| What is the charge on a hydronium ion? | 1+ |
| What is the charge on a hydroxide ion? | 1- |
| About _____ molecules in a glass of water are dissociated. | 1 in 500,000,000 |
| A solution with a pH of 2 has how many more protons in it than a solution with a pH of 4? | 100 times more |
| Rank, from low to high, the pH of blood, stomach acid, and urine. | stomach acid, urine, blood |
| Select the statement that best describes a buffer | A buffer resists change in pH by accepting hydrogen ions when acids are added to the solution and donating hydrogen ions when bases are added. |
| What is the atomic number of an atom that has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons? | 6 |
| Which of these refers to atoms with the same atomic number but different atomic masses? | These atoms are isotopes. |
| Fluorine's atomic number is 9 and its atomic mass is 19. How many neutrons does fluorine have? | 10 |
| An uncharged atom of boron has an atomic number of 5 and an atomic mass of 11. How many protons does boron have? | 5 |
| A(n) _____ refers to two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. | molecule |
| What name is given to the bond between water molecules? | hydrogen |
| Atoms with the same number of protons but with different electrical charges _____ | are different ions |
| Atoms with the same number of protons but with different electrical charges _____. | are different ions |
| In salt, what is the nature of the bond between sodium and chlorine? | ionic |
| An ionic bond involves _____. | an attraction between ions of opposite charge |
| . In order for a hypothesis to be able to be used in science, which of the following must be true? | It is testable and falsifiable. |
| Which of the following is true of a scientific theory? | It generates testable hypotheses, is supported by a large body of evidence and is broad in scope. |
Created by:
dajk98
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