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Cell Division

TermDefinition
Mitosis The process of cellular division in somatic cells. Creates 2 identical daughter cells, with the exact same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Somatic Cell A body cell, containing 46 chromosomes.
Sex Cell Sperm or egg cells, containing 23 chromosomes.
Karyotype A diagram that shows all 46 chromosomes, or 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a person.
Autosomal Chromosomes The first 22 pairs of chromosomes of a human, which code for all parts of a human, expect their sex.
Sex Chromosomes The 23rd pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual. Always one X from the mother an either an X or a Y from the father.
Trisomy A genetic disorder in which a person has 3 chromosomes instead of 2 in the 21st pair of chromosomes. This genetic disorder results in Down syndrome.
Monosomy A genetic disorder in which a person has 1 chromosome instead of 2 in the sex chromosome location
Meiosis The process of cellular division that creates gametes or sex cells. This process creates 4 genetically unique or different sex cells (sperm or egg).
Zygote The clump of cells that forms after fertilization (the joining of sperm and egg)
Gamete Also known as a sex cell. In males it is sperm, in females it is eggs
Created by: DrMacKay
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