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BIO 111 Quiz 1

Chapters (2.1-2.2 & 3.1)

TermDefinition
Matter Has mass, takes up space (solids, liquids gas)
Element Substances that cannot be broken down into other substances.
Atoms Smallest unit of matter than retains properties of elements.
Atomic Number Elements identity- The number of protons and electrons.
Atomic Mass The quantity of matter contained in the atom of an element
Isotope Electrons that have more neutrons, but the same number of protons (will increase the mass)
Molecules Substances made up of two or more atoms (can be the same or different)
Compounds Substances made up of two or more atoms (MUST BE DIFFERENT)
Radioactivity The release of energy when something is unstable (due to the loss of energy)
Polar-Covalent Bond that is charged in someway (can be negative or positive)- electrons of the bond are not shared equally.
Non-Polar Covalent Bond that is not charged (neutral)
Ionic Bonds that transfer electrons, but are are attracted because they are positive and negative (not joined together physically).
Hydrogen Bonds that form between two already formed molecules. OCCUR BETWEEN THE TWO
Van der Waals A very weak force of attraction that occurs between two neutral molecules when they collide or pass by very closely. (Weakest type of bond.)
Electronegativity An atom's tendency to attract to negative electrons.
Physical Bond Bonds that are not actually connected, there is no transferring of electrons. Rather they are just sharing cloud space and believe that they are satisfied.
Charge-Based Bonds Bonds that actually transfer electrons, IONIC BOND
Intermolecular Occurs between two already formed molecules.
Intramolecular Bonds that occur within molecules.
Cohesion When a substance sticks to itself.
Adhesion When a substance sticks to something else.
Surface Tension The measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of a liquid.
Kinetic Energy Energy of Motion.
Thermal Energy Energy associated with the random motion of molecules.
Temperature Average kinetic energy.
Heat Thermal energy transferred.
Calorie The energy needed to raise the heat of 1 gram by 1°C.
Specific Heat The amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for one gram of that substance to change by 1°C.
Heat of Vaporization How much energy a liquid needs to absorb for 1 gram to be converted to gas.
Soltion 2 substances (solvent and solute) that are perfectly mixed.
Solvent The liquid that does the dissolving.
Solute What is being dissolved:
Aqueous Solution Solution in which water is the solvent.
Hydrophobic Does not interact well with water, fears water.
Hydrophilic Interacts well with water.
Acid Increase of H+
Bases Decrease of H+
Neutral Not too much H+, not too little, right in the middle.
Created by: kenziestahly
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