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Intro to Bio- Unit 4
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Photosynthesis | light energy is absorbed from the sun by plants and algae and used to convert CO2 into glucose and O2; LDR = light dependent reaction |
| ATP + photosyngthesis | carries the energy from the LDR to the Calvin Cycle, ATP -> ADP and NADPH -> NADP+ |
| Phosphorlation | phosphate group bond is broken during the Calvin cycle, releases its energy, and the now ADP + leftover phosphate groups go back to LDR to gain a new phosphate group |
| Cellular repsiration | breaking down of glucose into into simpler and putting that energy into ATP |
| Photosynthesis steps | 1. chloroplast absorbs light energy, breaking water apart, producing ATP and NADPH 2. NADPH carries the water electron to next step, O2 is formed from split water 3. Calvin Cycle - (LDR) uses ATP energy and electron from NADPH to build sugars from CO2 |
| Cellular respiration steps | 1. Glycosis, 2. Krebs cycle, and 3. Phosphorylation reaction/electron transport chain |
| (1)Glycolysis | breaking of sugar molecules in half in the cytoplasm; glucose creates a pyruvate that is converted into acetyl coA |
| (2)Krebs Cycle | takes place in the inner space of the mitochondria; acetyl coA is broken down to release energy and CO2, building ATP, NADH, and FADH2 |
| (3)Electron transport chain | A. NADH and FADH2 carry the high energy electrons to the electron transport chain, which is then accepted by O2 B. electrons pass through membrane and build ATP *occurs in mitochondrian |
| Fermentation | a lack of oxygen present after glycolysis results in fermentation; sugar is not broken down completely, ethanol and CO2 are the end product |