occupies the "empty" space in a cell and surrounds the cytoskeleton which is the support and framework on a cell

made of RNA molecules and proteins, found in the cytoplasm, protein synthesis (translation) site

Plan cells vs. Animals cells

Plant: uses photosynthesis to build sugar molecules, eukaryotic, consists of vacuoles to store water and have physical support vs. Animal: no chloroplasts, no cell wall, eukaryotic, has vacuoles

a phospholipid bilayer structure surrounding cells that helps control what can cannot cross into the cell

the core is made up of the hydrophobic tails that prevent hydrophilic and polar molecules from diffusing; the extracellular and intracellular part is made of hydrophilic heads selective permeable - can control what cross through to an extent

small + non-polar molecules pass through with ease polar molecules, with the exception of water, are often stopped large + charged molecules require specific channels to pass

Membrane transportation

1. Simple diffusion, 2. Facilitated diffusion, 3. Active transport, 4. Endocytosis, and 5. Exocytosis

moving with the gradient (almost natural), moving from highs areas of concentration to low areas

Facilitated diffusion

large polar and charged molecules are moved across the bilayer through protein channels; still moving with gradient

moving against the gradient, requires energy from the cell (ATP), and still need a protein channel

molecules create indentions in membrane and then push until closed off in the cytoplasm in a formed vesicle

vesicle fuses with membrane and releases materials outside of the membrane

diffusion of water across cell membrane

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Intro to Bio- Unit 3

Term	Definition
Cytoplasm	occupies the "empty" space in a cell and surrounds the cytoskeleton which is the support and framework on a cell
ATP	molecules that store energy
Ribosomes	made of RNA molecules and proteins, found in the cytoplasm, protein synthesis (translation) site
Plan cells vs. Animals cells	Plant: uses photosynthesis to build sugar molecules, eukaryotic, consists of vacuoles to store water and have physical support vs. Animal: no chloroplasts, no cell wall, eukaryotic, has vacuoles
Cell membrane	a phospholipid bilayer structure surrounding cells that helps control what can cannot cross into the cell
Phospholipid bilayer	the core is made up of the hydrophobic tails that prevent hydrophilic and polar molecules from diffusing; the extracellular and intracellular part is made of hydrophilic heads selective permeable - can control what cross through to an extent
Selective permeable	small + non-polar molecules pass through with ease polar molecules, with the exception of water, are often stopped large + charged molecules require specific channels to pass
Membrane transportation	1. Simple diffusion, 2. Facilitated diffusion, 3. Active transport, 4. Endocytosis, and 5. Exocytosis
Simple diffusion	moving with the gradient (almost natural), moving from highs areas of concentration to low areas
Facilitated diffusion	large polar and charged molecules are moved across the bilayer through protein channels; still moving with gradient
Active transport	moving against the gradient, requires energy from the cell (ATP), and still need a protein channel
Endocytosis	molecules create indentions in membrane and then push until closed off in the cytoplasm in a formed vesicle
Exocytosis	vesicle fuses with membrane and releases materials outside of the membrane
Osmosis	diffusion of water across cell membrane

Created by: dkoger3

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