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Ecosystems Set #1
8.L.3.1, 8.L.3.2, 8.L.3.3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ecosystem | All the living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) things that interact in an area |
| biome | A group of ecosystems that have the same climate and similar communities of plants and animals |
| niche | An organism's particular role in an ecosystem, or how it makes its living. |
| population | a group of the SAME species of organisms living in an area |
| community | ALL living organisms in an area |
| predator/prey relationship | Interaction between two organisms of different species in which one organism captures and feeds on parts or all of another organism |
| food chain | The path of food energy from one type of organism to the next |
| parasite | An organism that lives on or in a host; causes harm to the host |
| host | an organism in or on which a parasite lives |
| producer | Synonym for autotroph. |
| consumer | Synonym for heterotroph. |
| herbivore | An organism that eats only plant based foods. |
| carnivore | An organism that eats meat (muscles) of other organisms. |
| omnivore | An organism (animal or person) that eats food from both plants and animals. |
| decomposers | organisms that get energy by breaking down the remains of dead organisms. |
| food web | Many interconnected food chains within an ecosystem |
| energy pyramid | A diagram that shows the amount of energy/food that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web |
| limiting factors | when resources such as food, water or space become limited forcing competition |
| competition | when two or more individuals or populations try to use the same limited resource (food, water, habitat) |
| biodiversity | a variety of living things in a particular ecosystem |
| symbiosis | A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species. |
| mutualism | A relationship in which both species benefit |
| commensalism | A relationship between two species in which one species benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed |
| parasitism | A relationship in which one organism lives on or in a host and harms it. |
| trophic level | any class of organisms that occupy the same position in a food chain, as primary consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers. |
| heterotrophs | An organism that cannot make its own food. It must consume other organisms to obtain energy. |
| autotrophs | An organism that is capable of making its own food (typically through photosynthesis) |
| terrestrial ecosystem | A type of ecosystem that has to do with earth and land based plants and animals |
| aquatic ecosystem | An ecosystem in a body of water, Types: marine and freshwater |
| population density | is a measurement of population per unit area |
| adaptation | a change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment |
| biosphere | the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms. |
| anaerobic bacteria | organisms that do not live or grow in the presence of oxygen. |
| abiotic factors | All of the NONliving parts of an ecosystem |
| biotic factors | All of the living parts of an ecosystem. |
| photosynthesis | process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and sugars or starches |
| nitrogen cycle | The transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and back to the atmosphere |
| nitrogen fixation | process of converting nitrogen gas into nitrogen compounds that plants can absorb and use |
| carbon cycle | the movement of carbon from the nonliving environment into living things and back |
| carrying capacity | the largest population that an environment can support at any given time |
| chemosynthesis | Process by which some organisms, such as certain bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates |
| scavenger | A carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms |
| invasive species | species that enter new ecosystems, having no natural predators, harm native species and their habitats |
| cellular respiration | A process that uses oxygen in organisms to break down simple food molecules to produce energy. |
| marine ecosystem | Aquatic system of interactions between organisms in salt water |
| Coexistence | When populations of different species use the same limiting resources; they "get along" as long as there is enough to go around |
| Cooperation | A group of the same organisms working together for a common goal; NOT mutualism |
| Competition | When 2 or more organisms struggle to use the same limiting resources when in short supply |
| Predation | An interaction in which one organism kills another for food. |
Created by:
jhandy8
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