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Biology B Words
Praxis study
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| bacteria | one of the three domains of life; containing single-celled parokaryotes in the kingdom Bacteria |
| bacteriophage | virus that infects bacteria |
| bacterium | organism that is within the kingdom Bacteria |
| base | compound that accepts a proton (H+) when dissolved in solution |
| base pairing rules | rule that describes how nucleotides form bonds in DNA; adenine (A)- always bonds with thymine (T) and guanine (G) always bonds with with cytonsine (C) |
| bathyal zone | zone of the ocean that extends from the edge of the neritic zone to the base of the continental shelf |
| B cell | white blood cell that matures in the bone marrow and produces antibodies that fight off infection; also called B-lymphocyte |
| behavioral isolation | isolation between populations due to differences in courtship or mating behavior |
| benign | having no dangerous effect on health, especially referring to an abnormal growth of cells that are not cancerous |
| benthic zone | lake or pond bottom, where little to no sunlight can reach |
| bilateral symmetry | body plan of some organizms in which the body can be divided equally along only one plane |
| bile | fluid released by the liver and gallbladder into the small intestine that aids in the digestion and absorption of fats |
| binary fission | asexual reproducation in which a cell divides into two equal parts |
| binomial nomenclature | naming system in which each speciaes is given a two-part scientific name (genus and species) using latin words |
| biodiversity | varitey of life within an area |
| biogeochemical cycle | movement of a chemical through the bilogical and geological, or living and nonliving, parts of an ecosystem |
| biogeography | study of the distribution of organisms around the world |
| bioinformatics | use of computer databases to organize and analyze biolgical data |
| biological clock | internal mechanism that controls an animal's activity patterns |
| biology | scientific study of forms of life |
| biomagnification | condition of toxic substances being more concentrated in tissues of organisms higher on the food chain than ones lower in the food chain |
| biomass | total dry mass of all organisms in a given area |
| biome | regional or global community of organisms characterized by the climate conditions and plant communities that thrive there |
| bioremediation | process by which humans use living things to break down pollutants |
| biosphere | all orgnaisms and the part of Earth where they exist |
| biota | collection of living things |
| biotechnology | use and application of living things and biological processes |
| biotic | living things such as plants, anmials, fungi, and bacteria |
| bipedal | animal that walks on two legs |
| blade | broad part of a leaf where most of the photosynthesis of a plant take place |
| blastocyst | stage of development during which the zygote consistes of a ball of cells |
| blood pressure | force with which blood pushes against the wall of an artery |
| bond energy | amount of energy needed to break a bond between two particular atoms; or the amount of energy released when a bond forms between two particular atoms |
| book lung | respiratory organ that has several membranes that are arranged like the pages in a book |
| botany | study of plants |
| bottleneck effect | gentic drift that results from an event that drastically reduces the size of population |
| brain stem | structure that connects the brain to teh spinal cord and controls breathing and heartbeat |