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CNA- Unit 6
Successful Nursing Assistant Care by Diana Dugan
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| antimicrobial | an agent that destroys or resists pathogens |
| autoclave | machine creating steam or a type of gas that kills all microorganisms |
| barrier | block or obstacle; object(s) worn by health care providers to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases |
| bio-hazard container | hard, leak-proof containers into which sharp objects and items contaminated with infectious material are placed |
| blood borne pathogens | microorganisms found in human blood that can cause infection and disease in humans |
| Blood borne Pathogen Standard | federal law requiring that health care facilities protect employees from blood borne health hazards |
| body fluids | tears, saliva, sputum (mucus coughed up), urine, feces, semen, vaginal secretions, and pus or other wound drainage |
| carrier | person who carries a pathogen w/o signs or symptoms of an illness or disease and who can spread the disease |
| catheter | tube inserted through the skin or into a body opening; used to add or drain fluid |
| C. difficile (C. diff, clostridium difficile) | a bacterial illness that can cause diarrhea and colitis; spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill |
| The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) | federal government agency responsible for improving the overall health and safety of the people of the United States |
| clean | a condition in which an object has not been contaminated with pathogens |
| clean technique | process of removing pathogens; also called medical asepsis |
| communicable disease | disease transmitted when a pathogen is spread from one person to another |
| contagious disease | a communicable disease that is spread easily from person to person |
| contaminated | soiled, unclean; having disease-causing organisms or infectious material on it |
| cross-infection | acquiring an infection from someone else; also called cross-contamination |
| dehydration | a condition that occurs when a person does not have enough fluid in the body |
| direct contact | way to transmit pathogens through touching the infected person or his or her secretions |
| direct spread | method of transmission of disease from one person to another |
| dirty | a condition in which an object has been contaminated with pathogens |
| disinfection | a measure used to decrease the spread of pathogens and disease by destroying pathogens |
| drainage | flow of fluids from a wound or cavity |
| exposure control plan | plan that identifies the step-by-step method of what to do if exposed to infectious material; also includes specific work practices that must be followed |
| exposure incident | situation that occurs when a person ins exposed to infectious blood or material |
| fomite | an object that is contaminated with a pathogen and can now spread the pathogen to another person |
| hand hygiene | hand-washing with either plain or antiseptic soap and water and using alcohol-based hand rubs |
| health care-associated infection (HAI) | and infection associated with various health care settings, such as long-term care facilities, hospitals, ambulatory settings and home care |
| hepatitis | inflammation of the liver caused by infection |
| immunity | resistance to infection by a specific pathogen |
| incubation period | the period of time between the time the pathogen enters the body and the time it causes an infection |
| indirect contact | a way to transmit pathogens by touching something contaminated by the infected person |
| indirect spread | method of transmission of disease from an object, insect, or animal to a person |
| infection | the state resulting from pathogens invading and growing within the human body |
| infection control | set of methods used to control and prevent the spread of disease |
| infectious disease | any disease caused by growth of a pathogen |
| isolate | to keep something separate, or by itself |
| localized infection | infection limited to a specific part of the body; has local symptoms |
| malnutrition | a serious condition in which a person is not getting proper nutrition |
| medical asepsis | process of removing pathogens; also called clean technique |
| microbe | a tiny living thing visible only by microscope; also called a microorganism |
| microorganism (MO) | a tiny living thing not visible to the eye without a microscope; also called a microbe |
| MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) infection | an infection caused by bacteria that are resistant to many antibiotics; can develop when people do not take all of the medication prescribed to them |
| mucous membranes | the membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the linings of the mouth nose, eyes, rectum and genitals |
| multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) | microorganisms, mostly bacteria, that are resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents |
| non-communicable disease | a disease not capable of being spread from one person to another |
| non-intact skin | skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, acne, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions or boils |
| normal flora | the microorganisms that normally live in and on the body and do not cause harm in a healthy person |
| nonsocomial infection | an infection acquired in a hospital |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) | a federal government agency that makes rules to protect workers from hazards on the job |
| pathogen | the microorganisms that cause disease |
| perineal care | care of the genitals and anal area by cleansing |
| PPE (personal protective equipment) | a barrier between a person and disease; includes gloves gowns, masks, goggles, and face shields |
| reinfection | being infected a second time with an infection |
| resistance | the body's ability to prevent infection and disease |
| sanitation | ways communities maintain clean, hygienic conditions that help prevent disease, such as the disposal of sewage and solid waste |
| Standard Precautions | a method ofj infection control in which all blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (like abrasions, pimples, or open sores), and mucous membranes (lining of mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals) are treated as if they were infected with a disease |
| sterilization | a measure used to decrease the spread of pathogens and disease by destroying all microorganisms, including pathogens |
| surgical asepsis | method that makes an area or an object completely free of microorganisms; also called sterile technique |
| systemic infection | an infection that occurs when pathogens enter the bloodstream and move throughout the body; causes general symptoms, such as chills and fever |
| transmission | transfer of a disease |
| vaccine | a substance prepared from weakened or killed microbes that is used to give immunity to disease |
| VRE (vancomycin-resistant enterococcus) | a mutant strain of the bacterium enterococcus; a resistance caused by a person not taking all of a powerful antibiotic Vancomycin |
Created by:
Girsgirl52
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