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Ch 8 Blood & Lymph
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| neutrophil | granular leukocyte that fights infection via phagocytosis |
| basophil | granular leukocyte that brings anticoagulant substances to inflamed tissues |
| eosinophil | granular leukocyte that increases in allergic reactions |
| monocyte | agranulocytic leukocyte that performs phagocytosis |
| agranulocyte | leukocytes without granules in nuclei |
| lymphocyte | an agranulocytic leukocyte that is active in the process of immunity. T cells (thymus-dependent), B cells (bone marrow-derived), and natural killer (NK) cells; Normal Range (in stained blood smear): 25-33% |
| platelets | cell fragments in the blood that are essential for blood clotting |
| thymus | primary gland of the lymphatic system, located within the mediastinum, that helps to maintain the body's immune response by producing T lymphocytes |
| spleen | organ between the stomach and the diaphragm that filters out aging blood cells, removes cellular debris by phagocytosis, and provides an environment for lymphocytes to initiate immune responses |
| lymph | fluid that is circulated through the lymph vessels |
| lymph capillaries | microscopic vessels that draw lymph from tissues to the lymph vessels |
| lymph vessels | vessels that receive lymph from the lymph capillaries and circulate it to the lymph nodes; also called lymphatic vessels |
| lacteals | specialized lymph vessels in the small intestine that absorb fat into the bloodstream (lacteus=milky) |
| chyle | white or pale yellow substance in lymph that contains fatty substances absorbed by the lacteals |
| lymph nodes | many small, oval structures that filter lymph from the lymph vessels; major locations include the cervical, axillary, and inguinal regions |
| lymph ducts | collecting channels that carry lymph from the lymph nodes to the veins |
| right lymphatic duct | receives lymph from the right upper part of the body |
| thoracic duct | receives lymph from the left side of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, left arm, and lower extremities |
| antigen | a substance that, when introduced into the body, causes the formation of antibodies against it |
| antibody | a substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates an antigen that has entered the body |
| active immunity | a long-lasting immunity that results from stimulating the body to produce its own antibodies; developed either naturally, in response to an infection, or artificially, in response to the administration of a vaccine |
| passive immunity | a short-lasting immunity that results from foreign antibodies that are conveyed either natur ally, through the placenta to a fetus, or artificially, by injection of a serum containing antibodies |
| microcytosis | presence of small red blood cells |
| hypochromic | pale in color; lighter in color than normal |
| macrocytosis | presence of large red blood cells |
| anisocytosis | presence of red blood cells of unequal size (an = not, without; iso = equal) |
| poikilocytosis | presence of large, irregularly shaped red blood cells (poikilo= irregular) |
| reticulocytosis | an increased number of immature erythrocytes in the blood |
| erythropenia | an abnormally reduced number of red blood cells |
| aplastic anemia | a normocytic-normochromic type of anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells |
| splenomegaly | enlargement of the spleen |
| iron deficiency anemia | a microcytic-hypochromic type of anemia characterized by a lack of iron that affects the production of hemoglobin and is characterized by small red blood cells containing low amounts of hemoglobin |
Created by:
anitaduong
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