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biology

defining some terms

TermDefinition
Mutations Random changes to DNA which can create new genes.
Sexual recombinmation During the formation of sperm and eggs, chromosomes can exchange pieces of DNA , shuffling genes
Darwinian fitness the contribution that an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation in comparison to the contributions from other individuals.
What can lead to changes in a gene pool over successive generations? Natural selection is the primary mechanism that can lead to a change in a gene pool, also known as evolution.
genetic drift A change in a gene pool due to chance
gene flow The genetic exchange among populations due to migration
sexual selection A form of natural selection that depends on an individual's ability to obtain a mate
Macroevolution Genetic change on a large scale
speciation The evolutionary formation of new species
what are the two speciation that may occur through two different mechanisms? nonbranching evolution and branching evolution
branching evolution an ancestral population splits into two or more populations
nonbranching evolution An ancestral population changes gradually
what is a species? A population that is capable of interbreeding to produce healthy, fertile offspring - and it's mostly right
behavioral isolation members of a species often identify each other through specific rituals
mating time differences many species are able to reproduce only at specific times, those times might not match up
habitat isolation if species live in slightly different habitats, they may never meet to mate
mechanical incompatibility members of different species often cannot mate because their anatomies are incompatible
gametic incompatibility The gametes, sperm and egg , of different species usually cannot fertilize each other
hybrid weakness offspring of two species may be sterile
Created by: carmendorielis
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