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Chemistry Terms

QuestionAnswer
Solution A homogeneous mixture is also known as
Alkali metals Group 1 on the PT MOST reactive METALS on PT
Alkaline earth metals Group 2 on the PT VERY reactive metals but not as much as Group 1
Alloy A solid mixture of two or more metals ex - brass b/c it is a mixture of copper and zinc
Atom The smallest type of matter
Atomic Mass The mass of an atom, approximately the number of protons plus the number neutrons
Atomic Number The number of protons in each element; identifies the atom on PT
Brittle Easily broken apart
Chemical Formula A set of chemical symbols showing how many of each element present in a compound
Chemical Symbol One or two letters that represent an element
Closed System Matter is not allowed to enter or leave the chemical reaction
Coefficient Large numbers in front of each substance in a chemical equation, Tells how many molecules of each substance the equation needs
Compound A pure substance that chemically combines with two or more elements
Conductive An object that is able to transfer electricity or heat through it ex - iron or glass
Corrosive The destruction of metal due to a chemical reaction
Ductile An object that is able to be rolled into a wire, copper is an example
Electron The negative charge of an atom, OUTSIDE the nucleus
Element A pure substance that cannot be broken down, Found on the PT
Endothermic A chemical reaction that absorbs energy (gets COLD)
Exothermic A chemical reaction that gives off energy (gets HOT)
Group/Family a.k.a. - vertical columns on the PT 18 of them
Halogens Group 17 on PT MOST very reactive of all nonmetals
Heterogeneous Mixture A mixture where the substances aren't equally distributed See the different parts
Homogeneous Mixture A mixture of 2 or more substances that you cannot see the different parts
Inert Unable to react chemically
Insulator Material that DOES NOT allow electricity or heat to flow through easily
Law of conservation of mass Mass cannot be created or destroyed, mass of reactants MUST EQUAL mass of products
Luster The sheen of an object, how shiny it is
Malleable An object that is able to be bent or shaped, ex. gold & silver
Mass The amount of matter in an object
Metalloids Sometimes act like metals and sometimes like nonmetals, Found on both sides of the STEPLADDER of the PT
Metals Elements that are hard, ductile, malleable, and good conductors of heat and electricity
Neutron The neutral charge of an atom, INSIDE the nucleus
Nonmetals Elements that do not have the physical and chemical properties of metals, mostly gases, dull & brittle solids, & are not conductive
Nucleus The center of an atom
Open system Matter can enter from or escape to the surroundings from the chemcial reaction
Period a.k.a. - horizontal rows on the PT 7 of them
Physical change A way to describe a change in matter DOES NOT change it chemical identity
Precipitate A chemical change that happens when 2 different insoluble liquids are combined and create a solid
Product The substance that is produced/made in a chemical reaction, Found on the RIGHT side of the arrow.
Proton The positive charge of an atom, INSIDE the nucleus
Reactant The substances need to create the chemical reaction Found on the LEFT side of the arrow
Reactive or reactivity How easy or difficult (the speed) an element or compound combines with another one
Semiconductor A material that conducts electricity under some conditions but not others
Sublimation A change in state from a solid directly to a gas without turning to a liquid
Subscript Small numbers that are written below the line Tells how many atoms of a given type are in a compound
Synthetic element Man-made element by using a particle accelerator
The arrow in a chemical equation Yield sign - means to produce or make in a chemical reaction
Transition metals Groups 3-12 on PT
Valence electron The outermost electrons in an atom Used in chemical bonding
Created by: jhandy8
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