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Unit 8

AP Biology Unit 8 Vocabulary - Garcia

TermDefinition
Apex predator A predator at the top of a food chain, without natural predators.
Biomagnification The concentration of toxins in an organism as a result of its ingesting other plants or animals in which the toxins are more widely disbursed.
Biomass The dry weight of organic matter comprising a group of organisms in a particular habitat.
Carrying capacity The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources, symbolized as K.
Carnivore An animal, such as a shark, hawk, or spider, that eats other animals.
Commensalism A symbiotic relationship in which the symbiont benefits but the host is neither helped nor harmed.
Competition Active demand by two or more organisms or kinds of organisms for some environmental resource in short supply.
Consumer Organisms that obtain their food by eating plants or by eating animals that have eaten plants.
Density-dependent Referring to any characteristic that varies according to an increase in population density.
Density-independent Any factor that affects a population by the same percentage, regardless of density.
Decomposer Any of the saprotrophic fungi and bacteria that absorb nutrients from nonliving organic material such as corpses, fallen plant material, and the wastes of living organisms, and convert them into inorganic forms.
Detrivore An animal which feeds on dead organic material, especially plant detritus.
Energy pyramid A graphical representation of the energy found within the trophic levels of an ecosystem.
Exponential growth Growth whose rate becomes ever more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size.
Food chain The pathway along which food is transferred from trophic level to trophic level, beginning with producers.
Food web The elaborate, interconnected feeding relationships in an ecosystem.
Herbivore A heterotrophic animal that eats plants.
Heterotroph An organism that obtains organic food molecules by eating other organisms or their by-products.
Logistic growth A model describing population growth that levels off as population size approaches carrying capacity.
Mutualism A symbiotic relationship in which both participants benefit.
Trophic level Any of the several levels of a food chain, whose species are based on their main nutritional source. The trophic level that ultimately supports all others consists of autotrophs, or primary producers.
Parasitism A symbiotic relationship in which the symbiont (parasite) benefits at the expense of the host by living either within the host (as an en-doparasite) or outside the host (as an ectoparasite).
Population A localized group of individuals that belong to the same biological species (that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring).
Predation An interaction between species in which one species, the predator, eats the other, the prey.
Primary productivity The primary production stage of the supply chain encompasses agricultural activities, aquaculture, fisheries and similar processes resulting in raw food materials.
Producer Any kind of green plant.
Created by: Nataly Garcia
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