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Weathering, Erosion,
Deposition and Hydrology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| weathering | the BREAKING down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the earths surface |
| what are agents of weathering | water, ice, acids, salt, plants, animals, and changes in temperature |
| what are the two types of weathering | physical weathering and chemical weathering |
| what is physical weathering | changes that affect the structure of a rock but not its composition |
| what is chemical weathering | alters the chemicals that compose the rocks |
| what are the 4 main classes of mass movements | falls, slides, flows, and creeps |
| what are the 4 types of mass movements | rockfall, mudflow, landslide, rotational slip |
| deposition | the DROPPING/laying of sediment to a new location by wind water |
| what natural process creates sediments | weathering |
| erosion | natural sources MOVE weathered rock from one place to another |
| glaciers cause what | erosion |
| what changes the shape of land | deposition |
| example of deposition | formation of sand dunes,island |
| aquifers | layers of soil sand and rocks that ground water moves slowly through and is stored |
| what does aquifers consist of | gravel, sand, sandstone, or fractured rock like limestone |
| what effects a materials rate of water movement through it | permeability and porosity |
| what is usually not an aquifer | clay |
| does water mover faster in gravel sand or clay | gravel |
| permeability | a measure of the ability of a rock or sediment to transmit water or other liquids |
| what do permeable materials have | large connected spaces that allows water to flow through |
| porosity | the movement of water through materials by ways of pores |
| what is the zone that most of the pore spaces are filled with air zone of | aeration |
| what is the zone where water fills the aquifer zone of | saturation |
| the top of the zone of saturation is called the what | water table |
| where is the water table located | between the zone of aeration(on top) and the zone of saturation (below) |
| where is the impermeable layer found | under the zone of saturation |
| water that is brought up naturally from an aquifer is called | a spring |
| what is a cone of depression | a dip in the water table usually caused by heavy pumping |
| young streams typically have | v shaped valleys |
| mountain streams that has a steep slope or gradient typically are | young mountain streams |
| the faster the water moves | the larger the material that can be carried down the stream |
| downstream portions causally only carry | small slits and clay |
| what forms deltas | rivers depositing sediment they carried as they slowed down |
| alluvial fans | like a delta but deposits are formed on land |
| what is a levee or a dike | elongated naturally occurring ridge or artificially constructed wall which regulates water levels |
| what element composes 47% of the earths crust | oxygen |
| absolute dating uses | carbon dating |
| residual soil | soil whose parent material is the bedrock underneath the soil |
| a- horiozon is called the? | the topsoil |
| b-horiozn is called the ? | subsoil |
| c-horizon is | rock fragments |
| what are the three noticeable parts of the rock material in soil | sand silt and clay |
| the more humus the | darker the soil |
Created by:
zariniles
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