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Salk science final
6th grade Science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Volume | the amount of space something takes up. Formula is either FV-IV for irregular objects or LxWxH for regular objects. |
| Water displacement | the method used to find the volume of irregular objects. (Final Volume- Initial Volume) |
| Mass | how much matter is in an object |
| Density | mass divided by volume. NEVER changes! |
| Surface area | the amount of area that a surface takes up. |
| Concentration | the amount of solute in a certain amount of solvent. |
| Inhibitor | something that slows down a chemical reaction |
| Enzyme/Catalyst | something that speeds up a chemical reaction |
| Temperature | how hot or cold something is |
| Qualitative observations | observations made by using your 5 senses |
| Quantitative observations | observations made that include numbers and data (charts) |
| Responding Variable (Dependent Variable) | what is being measured in the experiment |
| Manipulated Variable (Independent Variable) | what is being changed on purpose to test the experiment |
| Controls | the things in the experiment that stay the same. |
| Claim | part of the conclusion that restates and answers the problem (1 sentence) |
| Evidence | part of the conclusion where you write observations that support your claim. You can use bullets. |
| Reasoning | part of the conclusion where you restate your claim, and include3 prior knowledge to explain why the experiment happened |
| Criteria | factors that help make a project successful |
| Prototype | a model or design |
| Constraint | the factors that interfere with the project's success |
| Weight | the measurement of the force of gravity on an object |
| Friction | the force that one surface exerts on another when the two rub against each other. It causes objects to slow down. |
| Solid | molecules are tightly packed, vibrates slowly and have a definite shape and volume |
| Liquid | molecules are not as tightly packed as a solid but more tightly packed than a gas. Has a definite volume but not a definite shape. |
| Gas | molecules are very loose, move very fast and have no definite shape or volume |
| Physical Change | a change that alters the form of a substance without changing it into another substance |
| Chemical Change | a change that forms a NEW substance with new properties |
| Chemical Property | the ability for something to change into a new substance. |
| Physical Property | describing a material by using your senses |
| Viscosity | the resistance of a liquid to flowing |
| Solute | the smaller part of a solution (6 letters) |
| Solvent | the largest part of a solution (7 letters) |
| Mixture | when 2 or more substances are put together, but not chemically combined (trail mix) |
| Compound | when 2 or more elements are chemically combined (H20) |
| Evaporation | liquid changes into a gas |
| Condensation | gas changes into a liquid |
| Melting | changing from a solid to a liquid. |
| Freezing | changing from a liquid to a solid |
| Thermal Energy | the energy that comes from heat |
| Atomic Number | the number of protons in an element (A=P=E M-A=N) |
| Coefficient | the big number in front of the compound. Multiply this number with the subscript to get the number of atoms in each element. |
| Subscript | the small number written after an element that tells the number of atoms |
| Protons | same as the atomic number and the electrons, positively charged |
| Neutrons | no charge |
| Electrons | negatively charged |
| Groups (Family) | the vertical (up and down) columns in the periodic table. The elements in the same group have similar characteristics. |
| Periods | the horizontal rows in the periodic table. They do NOT share similar properties. |
| Chemical Reaction | the formation of a gas, a color change, and when a new substance is formed are all evidence that a chemical reaction has taken place. |
| Exothermic Reaction | heat is released in this type of reaction showing an increase in temperature |
| Endothermic Reaction | heat is absorbed in this type of reaction resulting in a decrease in temperature |
| Conservation of Mass | matter is not created or destroyed |
| Reactants | the substances listed on the left side of the equation |
| Products | the substances listed on the right side of an equation |
| Synthesis | reactant plus reactant yields product (one plus sign on the left side of the arrow) |
| Replacement | one or two elements replace themselves in the equation (one plus sign or the left side of the equation and one on the right side of the equation) |
| Decomposition | the reactants decompose and break down into its parts (one plus sign on the right side of the equation) |
| Precipitate | a solid that forms from a solution during a chemical reaction |
| Net Force | the total force on an object (when the net force is zero forces are balanced) |
| Motion | when an object is moving |
| Force | a push or a pull |
| Balanced Force | two forces acting on an object equal in strength and opposite in direction (object will not move) |
| Unbalanced Force | two forces that are not equal in strength causes an object to move |
| Speed | distance divided by time |
| Velocity | speed and direction |
| Acceleration | final velocity minus initial velocity divided by time |
| Air Resistance | a force that slows down an object |
| Newton's First Law of Motion | an object at rest will stay at rest and an object in motion will continue in motion until an outside force acts upon it |
| Inertia | the tendency of an object to resist change in its motion |
| Newton's Second Law of Motion | Force= Mass x Acceleration ( if you increase mass you could decrease acceleration) |
| Newton's Third Law of Motion | for every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction. |
Created by:
nsilvar
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