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Intro To Earth Sc
meteorology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Longitude lines measure | east and west of the prime meridian |
| Earths tilt affects what? | the seasons |
| Hygrometer | tool used to measure humidity |
| Thermometer | tool used to measure temperature |
| Barometer | tool used to measure air pressure |
| What is mass measured in? | grams milligrams kilograms |
| What is the same everywhere in the universe and is not affected by gravity | Mass |
| Triple Beam Balance | tool used to measure Mass |
| What is liquid volume measured in | liters milililiters kiloliters |
| What is the volume of solids measured in | cubic cenimeters cm³ |
| how do we calculate the volume of a solid | multiply length width and height |
| Graduated cylinder | a tool used to measure liquid volume |
| density is | the measure of how tightly packed and how heavy the molecules are in an object amount of matter within a volume |
| how do i find density | mass/volume (heart) |
| how do i find mass | density * volume |
| how do i find volume | m/d |
| what is the density of water | 1 |
| What is wind? | The movement of air from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure |
| What is wind influenced by? | rock/land and ocean areas uneven heating changing pressures |
| What is the coriolis effect? | something that makes wind patterns bend as they move across earth |
| Equatorial Drum is where? | along the equator |
| What is a equatorial drum | low pressure warm air with little to no wind |
| what is the latitude of trade winds? | 0-30 |
| what is a trade wind? | strong and steady wind that blows North East to South West |
| what wind did explores use to get from Europe to the Americas and THAT PLANES USE TODAY | Trade winds |
| what is the latitude of prevailing westerlies? | 30-60 |
| what is the prevailing westerlies? | air that moves TOWARD POLAR REGIONS that vary in speed and direction but blows SOUTH WEST TO NORTH EAST |
| what wind brings stormy weather across us? | prevailing winds |
| what is the latitude of polar easterlies? | 60-90 |
| what is the polar easterlies? | cold weak winds that blow NORTH EAST TO SOUTH WEST |
| What are jet streams? | narrow belts of strong wind that blows NEAR THE TOP OF THE TROPOSPHERE |
| where do jet streams form? | at the boundary of cold, polar air and warm moist air |
| when is sea breeze created? | during the DAY |
| convention currents over areas where | land meets sea cause land |
| when is land breeze created? | during the NIGHT |
| what effects climate and major weather patterns for the entire planet? | global winds |
| what is affected by smaller wind systems? | local weather |
| local weather is affected by what? | land/sea breezes and low/high pressure systems |
| where does longitude lines measure? | east to west prime median |
| where does latitude lines measure? | north to south equator |
| what is north of the equator and is a major tropic ? | tropic of cancer |
| what is south of the equator and is a major tropic ? | tropic of Capricorn |
| what is 66 degress north? | arctic circle |
| what is 66 degress south ? | antarctic circle |
| what is the hottest zone of earth? | tropic zone |
| why is the tropic zone the hottest ? | it has the equator |
| what is the coldest zone on earth? | polar zone |
| is the polar zone on the north and south? | YES because of the poles on the north and south |
| what is the earths atmosphere? | a think blanket of air that surrounds the earth |
| how many properties does air have? | Air has 3 properties (WiSP) |
| What is the 3 properties of air? | ìt has weight it takes up space it exerts pressure |
| Warm air is _______than cold air | less dense |
| Cold air is __________ than warm air | denser |
| does warm air rise or sink? | rise |
| does cold air rise or sink? | sink |
| what air can hold more humidity? | warm air |
| warm air produces what? | low pressure areas |
| cold air produces what? | high pressure areas |
| why does air press down | because the force of gravity is pulling it downward from this air pressure can be measured |
| what is air pressure | the force exerted into air on a given area at a given time |
| Changes in air pressure? | air pressure changes as you go higher |
| what are the 4 factors that contribute to changes in air pressure ? | temperature, humidity, altitude,density |
| how does temperature change air pressure? | when air is warmed the particles spread out and this decreases air pressure and when air is cooled particles compact causing air pressure to increase |
| how does humidity change air pressure? | when humidity INCREASES it causes air pressure to DECREASE |
| how does altitude change air pressure? | air pressure DECREASES as you go higher |
| how does density change air pressure? | air pressure increases the more you squeeze it into a tight space |
| what are the 4 types of air masses over north america? | continental polar, continental tropical, maritime polar,maritime tropical |
| Continental Polar | very cold and dry (overland) |
| Continental Tropical | hot and dry (overland) |
| Maritime Polar | cold and humid (over ocean) |
| Maritime Tropical | warm and humid (over ocean) |
| Virginia is | sub tropical with some from maritime and continental |
| what happens when 2 air masses meet | they dont mix and form a front |
| what are the areas where most weather happens | fronts |
| what is a stationary front | a front that dosent move very much or stays in the same place and can stay in the same spot for several days |
| Anemometer | this tool measures wind speed |
| rain gauge | this tool measures precipitation |
| wind vane | measures wind direction |
| how do you see warm fronts on a weather map? | shown with red half circles |
| how do you see cold fronts on a weather map? | shown with blue triangles |
| what do the circles and triangles do? | point in the direction the fronts are moving in |
| cold front | warm air moves up quickly to the top creating lots over heavily precipitated clouds |
| warm front | goes to the side along the cold dosent make lots of clouds like cold front |
| high pressure system | cold and dry air |
| what does high pressure systems bring | brings dry, clear, fair weather |
| low pressure system | warm and humid air |
| what does low pressure systems bring | brings warm and stormy weather |
| what causes severe storms | intense low pressure systems |
| when does thunderstorms occur | when moist warm air rises quickly |
| what clouds mean thunderstorms | cumulonimbus |
| what creates thunder | sudden heating and expansion of air from lightening causing air to collapse back on itself |
| mid latitude cyclones | moves from west to east in us aka nor Easters jet stream determines exact path |
| what creates mid latitude cyclones | storms are created by warm air rising and creating low pressures underneath |
| where do hurricanes from | over tropical oceans |
| when don hurricanes lose strength | when passing over cooler water or land |
| how is a tornadoes strength measured | with the fujita scale |
| how is hurricane intensity measured | with the saffir simpson scale |
| what causes tornado alley | from dry cold air moving south from Canada and warm moist air moving north from gulf |
Created by:
zariniles
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