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Unit 6 Lesson 12

Making and Breaking Bonds for Energy

TermDefinition
ADP a lower energy, intermediate molecule used to convert to ATP by adding a third phosphate group
aerobic respriation uses matter from the food we eat and from the oxygen in the atmosphere to fuel our bodies
ATP a molecule that carries energy inside cells; it is the energy currency of a cell
ATP synthase a protein that creates ATP from ADP during photosynthesis
cellular respiration process of combining food molecules and oxygen and using the chemical energy from these molecules to power all the activities that sustain life
cytoplasm the gel-like fluid that fills a cell and holds the organelles in place
electron transport chain the last step in breaking down glucose during cellular respiration in which several proteins embedded in the membrane of mitochondria transfer electrons, creating a charge gradient that drives the formation of ATP
FADH an electron carrier molecule that accepts high-energy electrons and one hydrogen ion to become FADH2
FADH2 an electron carrying molecule that donates electrons and hydrogens
glycolysis the first step in breaking down glucose into two pyruvic acid molecules to extract the chemical energy for cell processes
Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle) the second step in breaking down glucose during cellular respiration, in which the products of glycolysis undergo several chemical reactions that release energy in the form of ATP, NADH, and FADH2, and water and carbon dioxide as waste products
mitochondria energy producing structure of the cell; organelle where food is converted to usable energy; the powerhouse of the cell
NAD+ an electron carrier molecule that accepts two high-energy electrons and one hydrogen ion to become NADH
NADH electron carrying molecule that donates electrons and hydrogens
Created by: atrang
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