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The Cell

TermDefinition
Cell membrane Made of proteins and phospholipids, selectively permeable, structure, in plants + animals
Selective permeability Only lets certain things in and out
Ribosomes Made of protein, make proteins
Mitochondria Produce ATP(energy)
Chloroplast Contains chlorophyll
Cell wall Made of cellulose(polysaccharide), gives strength, fully permeable
Vacuole Contains water, sugars and salts,
Nucleus Contains DNA, controls the cell
Phospholipid Makes up cell membrane, made of phosphates, proteins and lipids
Prokaryotic NO true nucleus, just floats freely e.g. bacteria
Eukaryotic DO have a true nucleus e.g. Fungi
Interphase Not dividing, takes up 90% of cell cycle, chromatin(v stretched out), organelles are replicating
Mitosis When nucleus divides to create two identical daughter nuclei, containing identical sets of chromosomes
Prophase 1st stage, chromosomes contract and are visible as pairs, centrioles form, nuclear membrane breaks down
Metaphase 2nd stage, chromatids line up in centre, spindle fibres form at poles and attach to the centromeres
Anaphase 3rd stage, centromeres split, chromatid is now a chromosome
Telophase 4th stage, nuclear membranes form, chromosomes elongate, called chomatin
Meiosis
Cytokinesis When the cell physically divides in two
Diploid cell
Haploid cell
Chromosomes
Chromatin
Cancer
Cell
Tissue
Organ
System
Tissue culture
Diffusion
Osmosis
Plasmolysis
Turgor pressure
Passive transport
Active transport
Cytoplasm Watery substance inside the cell, organelles float in it
Contractile vacuole Regulates the amount of water in the cell
Cytokinesis in animals Cleavage furrow forms, divides cytoplasm, cell splits in two
Cytokinesis in plants Cell plate forms, made of cellulose, then cell splits apart
Middle lamella Area between two cell plates
Created by: JJoyce03
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