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HELUS8Ch5
Chapter 5 Combining Atoms and Molecules
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A ___ is a pure substance that contains two or more elements. | compound |
| A ___ ___ is an ingredient list for a compound that uses atomic symbols andsubscripts. | chemical formula |
| A neutral particle that forms as a result of electron sharing is a ___. | molecule |
| Compounds have properties that are different from the ___ that compose them. | elements |
| Table salt is formed when the elements ___ and ___ combine. | sodium, chlorine |
| An ionic bond is an electrical attraction between ___ and ___ charged ions in an ionic compound | positively, negatively |
| An atom that is not neutral because it has gained or lost electrons is an ___. | ion |
| The force that holds atoms together in a compound is called a ___ ___. | chemical bond |
| An ___ ___ is an electrical attraction between positively and negatively charged ions in an ionic compound. | ionic bond |
| An ___ compound is one in which two or more elements or compounds gain or loseelectrons and form ionic bonds. | ionic |
| In an ionic compound, the positive ion is usually a ___. The negative ion is a ___-___. | metal, non-metal |
| If an ionic compound has only two different ions, it is called a ___ ___. | binary compound |
| Metals like magnesium and calcium from Group 2 of the periodic table can form binaryionic compounds with elements from either Group ___ or Group ___. | 16, 17 |
| Many ionic compounds dissolve in water. Water with dissolved ionic compounds is a ___ ___ of electricity. | good conductor |
| ___ ___ ___ are one method for using atomic symbols and dots representing electrons to help predict how compounds will form. | Lewis dot diagrams |
| The number of electrons in an atom’s outermost energy level is its ___. | valence |
| The noble gases, elements from ___ ___ of the periodic table, have eight valence electrons. | Group 18 |
| Some atoms become ions by gaining or losing electrons until they have the same filled___ (or valence) energy levels as noble gases. | outer |
| A ___ ___ is a chemical bond formed when atoms share electrons. | covalent bond |
| All ___ ___ are covalent compounds based on carbon atoms. | organic compounds |
| ___ compounds can be solids, liquids, or gases at room temperature. | Covalent |
| Atoms that have ___ electrons can form compounds if they share electrons. | unpaired |
| Carbon has ___ unpaired electrons, and can therefore form four covalent bonds. | four |
| A ___ ___ consists of two pairs of electrons shared between the same two atoms. Double bonds are stronger than single bonds. | double bond |
| ___ ___ are stronger than single or double bonds and share three pairs of electrons. | Triple bonds |
| ___ make up about two-thirds of the elements and have many useful properties. | Metals |
| Metals are good ___ of heat and electricity because their electrons are free to move. | conductors |
| Metals have a ___ melting point and a ___ boiling point. | high, high |
| ___ is the ability of a material, like metal, to be hammered or rolled into sheets. | Malleability |
| ___ is the ability of a substance to be pulled into wires. | Ductility |
| ___ (or Molecules) of metal in solids pack together as closely as possible in a regular, three dimensional pattern. | Atoms |
| A ___ ___ is a bond formed when many metal atoms share their pooled electrons. | metallic bond |
| Metal atoms combine in regular patterns in which some ___ are free to move from atom to atom. | electrons |
| In a metal, individual atoms lose electrons to become positive ___. | ions |
| Crystals are regular, repeating arrangements of atoms, ions, or ___. | molecules |
| Crystals can be held together by metallic, ___, or covalent bonds. | ionic |
| A ___ ___ is the smallest repeating pattern that shows how the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a crystal. | unit cell |
| One common crystal is table salt, also known as ___ ___. | sodium chloride |
| Sodium chloride, NaCl, is a(n) ___ crystal. | ionic |
| Ionic crystals are ___, unlike solid metals. | brittle |
| ___ are covalent compounds made up of many small, repeating units linked together in a chain. | Polymers |
| A ___ is a small molecule that forms a link in a polymer chain. | monomer |
| ___ is a synthetic polymer used for grocery bags and food wrap. | Polyethylene |
| Organic polymers are polymers that contain the element ___ and are involved with life. | carbon |
| The monomer of a protein is an ___ ___, which includes carbon, nitrogen, and oxygenatoms. | amino acid |
| ___ are organic polymers whose monomer is a sugar molecule called amonosaccharide. | Carbohydrates |
Created by:
jnosik
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