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Soil Test

QuestionAnswer
Why do plants and soil need each other? plants provide organic matter while soil provides nutrients.
What is bedrock? solid rock layer under the soil
What 3 things determine the type of soil we have in Columbus, Ohio? climate, bedrock, plant type.
Freeze-thaw cycle water freezes, expands in the cracks, and then breaks the rock into smaller pieces; happening wherever there is cold and warm climates.
Wave motion waves are notorious for rolling rocks along the bottom of the sea smashing them into other rocks and slowly breaking them down; happens along any shoreline.
Biological Weathering Roots grow into the cracks of rocks pushing against the sides of the rocks much like the expanding ice in the freeze-thaw cycle. Eventually, the roots push hard enough that it snaps the rock in two; happens wherever plants grow.
Chemical Many minerals react with water. As water strikes a rock, it can react causing the mineral to weaken or dissolve; happens with pollution and rainy areas.
Describe the difference between sand, silt, and clay in terms of their size. sand is large particles; silt is small size particle; clay is extremely small particle.
How does sand and clay impact water drainage? sand allows water to pass through while clay stops the water from moving.
Horizon A refers to the upper layer of soil, nearest the surface. It is commonly known as topsoil.
Horizon B layer of soil that has little or no organic matter; only way nutrients arrive here is by leaching from layer A.
Horizon C consists mostly of weatherized big rocks; leaching may bring some minerals from horizon B down to this horizon.
Horizon O Organic layer
Horizon R Bedrock
Describe 4 ways that soil can be degraded over-use, poor farming techniques, overgrazing, erosion
Describe 6 different ways that farmers are conserving soil. contour farming, contour plowing, contour terracing, crop rotation, wind break, conservation tillage
Created by: sdscience6
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