Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
ap bio unit 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| evolution | a change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation |
| evolutionary fitness | an organism's ability to survive and reproduce, based on its genetic contributions to following generations |
| natural selection | process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than do other individuals BECAUSE OF those traits |
| selective pressure | any biotic or abiotic factors influencing survivability |
| adaptive radiation | evolution of new species that allows empty ecological roles or niches to be filled |
| biological species concept | a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring -- but not with members of other groups |
| divergent evolution | occurs when adaptation to new habitats results in phenotypic diversification |
| gradualism | changes in species are slow and gradual occurring over long periods of time |
| punctuated equilibrium | periods of apparent stasis in morphology punctuated by sudden change |
| reproductive isolation | the existence of biological factors that impede members of two species from interbreeding and producing viable, fertile offspring |
| speciation | the process by which one species splits into two or more species |
| ecosystems | community of living organisms in partnership with nonliving organisms |
| extinction | the disappearance of a species, such that no future generations will naturally populate the Earth |
| niche | the role an organism plats within its environment |
| species diversity | the variety of species within a habitat or a region |
| RNA world hypothesis | life on Earth began with an RNA molecule that could replicate itself |
| convergent evolution | the independent evolution of similar features in different lineages |
| bottleneck effect | a sudden change in the environment that drastically reduces the size of a population |
| founder effect | individuals who become isolated from a larger population establish a new population with a different gene pool compared to the source population |
| genetic drift | chance events that cause allele frequencies to fluctuate unpredictably from one generation to the next |
| mutation | change in a DNA sequence |
| population | a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area |
| hardy-weinberg equilibrium | a population where allele and genotype frequencies remain contstant from generation to generation 1. no migration 2. no mutation 3. random mating 4. no natural selection 5. large population |
| migration | pattern of behavior in which organisms travel from one habitat to another |
| null hypothesis | the hypothesis which states experimental variables have no relationship and experimental observations are the result of chance |
| fossil | remains or traces of organisms from the past |
| isotope | atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers |
| morphology | form and structure of animals and plants |
| vegistal structure | remnants of features that served a function in the organism's ancestors |
| cladogram | a diagram used to show evolutionary relationships amongst species |
| lineage | lineal descent from an ancestor or ancestral species |
| molecular clock | an approach for measuring the absolute time of evolutionary change based on the observation that some genes and other regions of genomes appear to evolve at constant rates |
| out-group | s species or group of species from an evolutionary lineage that is closely related to but not part of the group of species that we are studying |
| phylogenetic tree | evolutionary history of a group of organisms represented in a branching diagram |
| phylogeny | the evolutionary history of a species or a group of species |
Created by:
andream18
Popular Biology sets