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Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ecology | The study of living things, their interactions with each other and their abiotic environment. |
| Habitat | The place where an organism lives and has adapted too |
| Population | A Population is a group of individuals of the same species living and breeding in the same habitat |
| Community | A community is the populations of different species living and interacting with each other |
| Ecosystem | community of organisms and their abiotic environment |
| Biosphere | The place on earth inhabited by living organisms |
| Food chain | Sequence of organisms in which one is eaten by the next member in the chain |
| Living | Grazing |
| Dead | Detritus |
| Food Webb | Consists of 2 or more interconnecting food webs |
| Pyramid of Numbers | Approx number of organisms at each trophic level |
| Distorted | Paricite on top |
| Inverted | 1 organism on bottom in which many feed off |
| Niche | Functional role of an organism in its ecosystem |
| Nutrient recycling | The way in which elements are transferred between the living and non living components of the ecosystem |
| Importance of Nutrient Recycling | To return elements to the environment so that they can be reused |
| Clover (legumes) | In symbiosis with N-fixing bacteria, Roots have nodules in which contain nitrogen fixation |
| Nitrogen Fixation | Conversion of nitrogen to nitrates, a form used by plants |
| Pollution | The human harmful addition to the environment |
| Pollutant | The substance that causes underiserable change |
| Eutrophication | When water becomes over enriched by the nutrients found in slurry when washed into water sources |
| Conservation | The protection and wise management of the environment |
| Role of M/O in waste management? | Decomposers of organic matter |
| Competition | Struggle between organisms for the same limited resource. |
| Scramble | All get some of the resource, no physical fiighting |
| Contest | Physical fighting, one gets resource |
| Intra-specific | Same (Rabbits for grass) |
| Inter-specific | Different (Thrush/hedgehog for earthworms) |
| Animal adaptions for comp | Caterpillar eats leaves/butterfly drinks nectar |
| Plant adaptions for comp | Creeping buttercup uses fast growing horizontal stems to colonise habitat faster then buttercup |
| Predation | The catching, killing and eating of prey by its predator |
| Predator | An animal which kills others as a source of food |
| Biological control | Ladybirds control greenfly//Cartain bacteria used to control larvae and prevent them from killing cabbage |
| Symbiosis | The close relationship between two organisms where at least 1 benefits |
| Mutualism | Both benefit (Human + Bacteria) |
| Commensalisim | Host unharmed (Barnacles on a whale) |
| Paracitism | Host harmed (Flea on a dog) |
| Paracitism inside | Endoparasitism |
| Paracitism outside | Ectoparasitism |
| Qualitative | A survey which indicates whether a species is present or not |
| Quantitative | A survey which records/estimates the numbers of a species in a particular ecosystem |
| Abiotic | Non living factor which influences s community |
| Carnivore | An animal that only eats meat |
| Omivore | An animal that eats both plant and animals |
| Herbivore | An animal that eats plants only |
| Decomposition | the decaying of a dead organism |
| Denitrifying | Conversion of nitrates to atmospheric nitrogen |
| Edaphic | Factors relating to soil |
| Nitrification | Ammonias -> nitrates |
| Nitrogen fixing | Nitrogen -> nitrates |
| Producer | An organism that makes its own food |
| Primary Consumer | Feeds on primary producer |
| Trophic Level | Position of a organism in a food chain |
Created by:
atia.lu
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