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Immunizations
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| process whereby person acquires immunity or resistance to an infectious disease | immunization |
| passive immunity | occurs when preformed antibodies transferred to an individual; provides immediate protection but does not develop immunologic memory |
| active immunity | process by which a body makes its own antibodies to a pathogen |
| live attenuated vaccines | use live but weakened pathogens to induce an immune response |
| inactivated vaccines | use pathogens that have been killed with chemicals, heat, or radiation |
| community immunity "herd immunity" | situation in which a sufficient proportion of a population has immunity to an infectious disease, usually by vaccination or exposure |
| Common side effects of vaccines | fever, headache, upset stomach, local-injection site irritation, mild skin rash, irritability |
| Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine contraindicated | not given to pregnant women or patients who are immunocompromised |
| Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTP) vaccine contraindicated | in patients w/ encephalopathy within 7 days of administration of previous dose of vaccine; in patients w/ severe neurologic disorder |
| Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB) vaccine contraindicated | in patients younger than 6 weeks of age |
| Hep A vaccine contraindicated | patients with history of severe reaction to prior dose of Hep A or to patients highly sensitive to vaccine additives |
| Hep B vaccine contraindicated | patients with history of hypersensitivity to yeast |
| HPV vaccine contraindicated | patients with history of yeast hypersensitivity |
| BCG given to | patients at high risk of exposure to TB; healthcare workers in high risk settings only |
| DPT given to | children or adults |
| Haemophilus influenzae type B given to | children |
| Hep A given to | patients at high risk of exposure to Hep A |
| Hep B given to | children adults at high risk of exposure to Hep B |
| HIB + Hep B given to | children |
| HPV given to | girls and women (age 9-26) boys and men (age 9-26) |
| Influenza given to | children and adults |
| Japanese encephalitis given to | patients at high risk of exposure to it |
| MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) given to | children and adults |
| Meningococcal given to | patients at high risk of exposure to it |
| Pneumococcal, conjugate given to | Pneumonia in patients <2 or >50 years old |
| Polio given to | children |
| Rotavirus given to | infants and children |
| Typhoid (Typhim Vi) given to (injection) | patients at high risk of exposure to it |
| Typhoid (Vivotif Berna) given to (oral) | adults and children (salmonella typhi) |
| Varicella given to | children (chicken pox) |
| Yellow fever given to | patients at high risk of exposure to it |
| Zoster given to | Herpes zoster (Shingles) in patients 60 years old and older |
| inactivated form of influenza vaccine contraindicated | in patients with egg or chicken allergies (vaccine grown in chicken eggs) |
Created by:
ChemeketaPHM2021
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