click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
yshs TriadES
Triad earth Science Ch 17.3-17.4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Mineral | naturally occuring solids that are composed of a definite chemical compound. |
| Igneous rock | Rock that forms as lava cools and hardens.Type one: Extrusive- lava that escapes to the surface and cools creating a relatively soft rock. Type two: Intrusive-Lava that remains underground and cools slowly creating hard rock like granite. |
| Sedimentary rock | Rock that form like cement. As sediment (rocks, shells,skeletons) settle it is compressed together by the weight of the layers above. It also is formed by the filling in of the spaces between the bits of sediment with small particles like a paste. |
| Methmorphic rock | Created from chemical changes caused by heat and pressure. |
| Weathering | Changes in the chemical of physical form of rock due to being exposed to weather. |
| Fossils | Remains of living creatures found in sedimentary rock. They are created when the organic matter of a plant or animal decays and creates a mold. The hard remains such as the skeleton are replaced by minerals to create a reproduction of the plant or animal. |
| Rock cycle | A system that constantly forms new rock and breaks down old rock to be reformed again. Rock is continously moving through the cycle. Changes may occur over millions of years. |
| Determining the age of rocks | Two methods are used Superposition and radioactive dating |
| Superposition | The layering of rock can give a relative age when compared to one another. The oldest will be found on the bottom and the newer rocks will be on top as long as they are undisturbed. Pros: quick and relatively easyCons not exact, not always accurate |
| Radioactive dating | As Isotopes in rock break down they emit a radioactive signature. By comparing the amount left and amount of material produced, an absolute age can be determined.Pros: Exact age can be found. Movenent of rock makes no difference. Cons: time consuming |
| Weathering | Cemical and physical changes in rock due to exposure to weather. |
| Physical weathering | The shape of rocks are changed as particles carried in the wind, water/ice and plants move soft materials or break away materials from rocky surfaces. The Grand Canyon, Niagra falls, Stone mountain and The Devils tower were created in this way. |
| Chemical weathering | Carbon dioxide from the air is disolved in the water which either seeps through the ground or falls as acid rain. This slowly disolves the minerals in the rock leaving behind tha harder less reactive rocks. |
| Erosion | The movement of particles from weathered and unweathered rock from one place to another by Wind, Water, Ice or gravity.Major component of the rock cycle and in the creation of the great deserts. |
| Deposition | As water moves sediment and stones rapid flow keeps them moving or suspended. When water deepens or widens the slowing of the water allows sediment to fall to the bottom. Large particles settle first. Minerals in solution collect and concentrate. |