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earth science ch.20
vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
air mass | a huge body of air in the troposphere with similar temperature and humidity throughout |
continental air mass | a low humidity air mass that originates over land |
maritime air mass | a high humidity air mass that originates over the oceans |
arctic air mass | a frigid air mass that originates over the poles |
polar air mass | a cool or cold air mass that originates over the upper latitudes |
tropical air mass | a warm air mass that originates in the tropics |
front | the boundary where at least two different air masses meet |
orographic lifting | the upward movement of air masses as they flow over mountains |
frontal wedging | the lifting of a warm air mass above a cool air mass acting as a wedge |
convergence | the lifting of air when horizontal air currents from opposite directions collide and rise into the atmosphere |
storm | a sever weather disturbance involving high winds, heavy precipitation, and other conditions, such as lightning or low temperatures |
winter storm | a storm that brings heavy snow or sleet, high winds, and/or unusually cold weather |
thunderstorm | a rainstorm that produces lightning |
lightning | an atmospheric electrical discharge that occurs either between clouds or between cloud and the ground |
tornado | a destructive, localized, rapidly rotating cyclonic windstorm forming a funnel |
hurricane | an immense cyclonic windstorm that forms over a tropical or subtropical ocean |
tropical storm | a strong cyclonic storm with winds of at least 63 km/h |
eye (hurricane) | the low-pressure center of a hurricane containing relatively clear, calm, rising air |
storm surge | a higher than normal local sea level caused by seawater flowing toward the lower air pressure under a hurricane |
station model | a symbolic representation of data from a weather station on a weather map |
synoptic weather map | a weather map that presents a summary of synopsis of weather data for a given time frame |