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Unit 6

QuestionAnswer
DNA Replication DNA Replication- is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule
Replication Fork Replication Fork- is a structure that forms within the long helical DNA during DNA replication
Semiconservative - in regards to DNA replication Semiconservative- according to the semiconservative model, after one round of replication, every new DNA double helix would be a hybrid that consisted of one strand of old DNA bound to one strand of newly synthesized DNA
Alternative Splicing alternative splicing- is a process that enables a messenger RNA (mRNA) to direct synthesis of different protein variants
Exon Exon- is any part of a gene that will encode a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing
Intron Intron- a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule which does not code for proteins and interrupts the sequence of genes.
Splicing Splicing- join or connect (a rope or ropes) by interweaving the strands.
Transcription Transcription- Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. The segments of DNA transcribed into RNA molecules that c
Codon Codon- a sequence of three nucleotides which together form a unit of genetic code in a DNA or RNA molecule.
Retrovirus Retrovirus- A retrovirus is a virus that uses RNA as its genetic material. When a retrovirus infects a cell, it makes a DNA copy of its genome that is inserted into the DNA of the host cell
Translation Translation- translation is the process in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum synthesize proteins after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell's nucleus
Virus Virus- A virus is a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
Cell Differentiation Cell Differentiation- is the process in which a cell changes from one cell type to another. Usually, the cell changes to a more specialized type.
Cell Specialization Cell Specialization- also known as cell differentiation, is the process by which generic cells change into specific cells meant to do certain tasks within the body.
Epigenetics epigenetics- is the study of heritable changes in gene expression (active versus inactive genes) that do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence
Gene Expression Gene Expression- is the process by which the instructions in our DNA are converted into a functional product, such as a protein.
Histone Histone- any of a group of basic proteins found in chromatin
Operon operon- is a sequence of DNA containing a cluster of genes under the control of a single promoter
Promoter Promoter- a person or company that finances or organizes a sporting event or theatrical production.
Transcription Factor Transcription Factor- is a protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence
Conjugation Conjugation- the variation of the form of a verb in an inflected language such as Latin, by which are identified the voice, mood, tense, number, and person.
Host Cell Host Cell- an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives
Sterility Sterility- the quality or condition of being sterile.
Tranduction Tranduction- is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a cell by a virus or viral vector
Transformation Transformation- a thorough or dramatic change in form or appearance
Transposition Transposition- the action of transposing something
Created by: Selmaleal
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