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Rivers

terminology for rivers

TermDefinition
aquifer body of rock that is sufficiently permeable to allow for wells and springs
arid region with low precipitation that does not allow agriculture without irrigation
bed the bottom of a channel
canal constructed open channel for transporting water
channel area that contains continuously flowing water confined by banks/streambed
condensation change of state in which gas becomes liquid by cooling
confluence the point at which rivers meet
contaminate to make impure or unclean by contact or mixture
delta a river mouth with sediments causing the main channel to split into smaller channels
depletion water is consumed within a service area and no longer available
depth the measurement of the height of water in the river
discharge the amount of water passing a specific point at a given time
drainage basin the land that is drained by a river and its tributaries
dredging removing sediments from waterways to make them deeper and wider
drought periods of below usual precipitation causing a serious hydrological imbalance
erosion the wearing away of the bed and banks of the river
evaporation physical process by which a liquid/solid is transformed to the gaseous state
evapotranspiration water transpired by plant tissues and evaporated from water bodies
flash flood sudden flood of great volume, usually caused by a heavy rain
flood plain the wide, flat floor of a river valley consisting of sediments deposited by the river
flow the amount of water passing a particular point in a stream or river
groundwater subsurface water and underground streams
groundwater table the upper level of the ground water
hydrograph a curve showing stream discharge over time
infiltration the movement of water through the soil surface into the soil
interception when water is absorbed and collected by vegetation (store)
kinetic energy comes from the movement of the water
landslide a movement of earth mass down a steep slope
load the particles of rock carried by a river
meander the winding of a stream channel, usually in an erodible alluvial valley
mouth where a river ends, at a lake or the sea
percolation the downward movement of water through the soil to a groundwater table
permeability the capability of soil or other geologic formations to transmit water
potential energy a still body of water above sea level has a certain amount of stored energy
precipitation an input where water is introduced to the drainage basin system
runoff water that flows over the ground and reaches a stream resulting from rainfall/snowmelt
salinity the concentration of mineral salts dissolved in water
sediment small fragments of rock and soil that form layers
sedimentation the combined processes of soil erosion, transport and deposition
sewage the liquid waste from domestic, commercial, and industrial establishments
silt substrate particles smaller than sand and larger than clay
source where a river starts, usually in the mountains - spring
surface runoff/overland flow water moves across the surface of the earth becoming a stream
surface storage the total volume of water held on the Earth's surface
transportation to move objects or people from one place to another
tributary small river that joins the main river channel
velocity the speed of the water flow
wash to carry, erode, remove, or destroy by the action of moving water
water cycle the system where water is constantly moving above, on or below the earth’s
watershed the highland separating one river basin from another
Created by: mbuchel
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